Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Titration of Polyprotic Base with a Strong Acid01:18

Titration of Polyprotic Base with a Strong Acid

The titration of a polyprotic base such as sodium carbonate with a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid results in two equivalence points on the titration curve. At the first equivalence point, the carbonate ions in the base are completely converted to bicarbonate ions. The second equivalence point corresponds to the complete conversion of bicarbonate ions to carbonic acid, which dissociates into carbon dioxide and water. The region before the first equivalence point corresponds to the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Role of transforming growth factorβ in neurovascular unit during cerebral small vessel disease.

Fluids and barriers of the CNS·2025
Same author

Adenylosuccinate Synthase 1 Deficiency Improves Energy Metabolism by Promoting Adipose Tissue Re-esterification via Glycerol Kinase Upregulation.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2025
Same author

Morphine Tolerance Gated through EZH2-Mediated Suppression of Trpc5 in Spinal GABAergic Interneurons in Male Mice.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2025
Same author

Case Report: Airway obstruction as a fatal complication of infantile hemangioma in newborns: the eye cannot see what the mind does not know.

Frontiers in pediatrics·2025
Same author

Comparative performance of body roundness index and traditional obesity indices in predicting cardiovascular risk: machine learning insights from three prospective aging cohorts.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2025
Same author

Molecular Subtypes and Radiotherapy as Determinants of Survival in Invasive Breast Cancer: Insights from a Single-Center Study.

Southern medical journal·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Chemical Synthesis of Porous Barium Titanate Thin Film and Thermal Stabilization of Ferroelectric Phase by Porosity-Induced Strain
08:00

Chemical Synthesis of Porous Barium Titanate Thin Film and Thermal Stabilization of Ferroelectric Phase by Porosity-Induced Strain

Published on: March 27, 2018

Poly[μ(6)-pyridine-2,4-dicarboxyl-ato-barium].

Qi Shuai, Xiao-Nong Zhao, Li Zhao

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 19, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study reveals a novel coordination mode for pyridine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid in a barium complex, forming a 3D polymeric framework. This discovery expands understanding of metal-organic coordination chemistry.

    Area of Science:

    • Coordination Chemistry
    • Materials Science
    • Crystallography

    Background:

    • Barium (Ba(II)) ion coordination chemistry is crucial for developing novel materials.
    • Pyridine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid is a versatile ligand with potential for constructing complex structures.
    • Understanding new coordination modes can lead to advanced material properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To synthesize and characterize a novel barium complex with pyridine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid.
    • To elucidate the coordination geometry around the Ba(II) ion.
    • To investigate the supramolecular assembly and framework formation.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was employed to determine the crystal structure.
    • Infrared spectroscopy was used for ligand and complex characterization.

    More Related Videos

    Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
    19:58

    Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

    Published on: July 30, 2017

    [(DPEPhos)(bcp)Cu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
    09:12

    [(DPEPhos)(bcp)Cu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst

    Published on: May 21, 2019

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

    Chemical Synthesis of Porous Barium Titanate Thin Film and Thermal Stabilization of Ferroelectric Phase by Porosity-Induced Strain
    08:00

    Chemical Synthesis of Porous Barium Titanate Thin Film and Thermal Stabilization of Ferroelectric Phase by Porosity-Induced Strain

    Published on: March 27, 2018

    Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
    19:58

    Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

    Published on: July 30, 2017

    [(DPEPhos)(bcp)Cu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
    09:12

    [(DPEPhos)(bcp)Cu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst

    Published on: May 21, 2019

  • Elemental analysis confirmed the composition of the complex.

    • Main Results:

    • A new coordination mode of pyridine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid was identified.
    • The barium ion exhibits a distorted bicapped trigonal-prismatic BaNO(7) coordination environment.
    • A three-dimensional supramolecular polymeric framework was successfully constructed through O-atom bridging.

    Conclusions:

    • The study successfully synthesized and characterized a novel barium complex, [Ba(C(7)H(3)NO(4))](n).
    • The identified coordination mode of the ligand and the resulting 3D framework offer insights into designing metal-organic materials.
    • This work contributes to the field of coordination polymers with potential applications in various areas.