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Related Concept Videos

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
Amines to Amides: Acylation of Amines01:19

Amines to Amides: Acylation of Amines

Various carboxylic acid derivatives (such as acid chlorides, esters, and anhydrides) can be used for the acylation of amines to yield amides. The reaction requires two equivalents of amines. The first amine molecule functions as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon to produce a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the loss of the leaving group and restoration of the C=O bond.
Next, the second equivalent of amine serves as a Brønsted base and deprotonates the quaternary amide...
Basicity of Aromatic Amines01:18

Basicity of Aromatic Amines

The basicity of aromatic amines is much weaker than that of aliphatic amines due to the involvement of the lone pair of electrons over the N atom in resonance with the aryl rings. Generally, the electron-donating ability of any substituents on the aryl ring of aromatic amines increases the basicity of the amine by increasing electron density, and hence the availability of lone pair on the nitrogen. On the other hand, electron-withdrawing functional groups on the aryl ring of amines decrease the...
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene01:20

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene

The nitration of benzene is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. It involves the formation of a very powerful electrophile, the nitronium ion, which is linear in shape. The reaction occurs through the interaction of two strong acids, sulfuric and nitric acid.
Physical Properties of Amines01:26

Physical Properties of Amines

Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition01:11

Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition

Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles. However, nucleophilic aromatic substitutions can be forced under certain conditions, such as high temperatures or strong bases. The mechanism of substitution under such conditions involves the highly unstable and reactive benzyne intermediate. Benzyne contains equivalent carbon centers at both ends of the triple bond, each of which is equally susceptible to nucleophilic attack. This 50–50 distribution of products is confirmed through isotopic...

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Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly
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Published on: February 6, 2020

2-Amino-anilinium benzoate.

Yan-Wei Zhang1

  • 1Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|May 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details the crystal structure of a molecular salt, revealing how cations and anions form specific hydrogen-bonded rings and chains. These interactions dictate the material's structural organization at the molecular level.

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding molecular interactions is crucial for designing new materials.
  • Hydrogen bonds play a key role in the self-assembly of crystalline structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the crystal structure of the molecular salt C(6)H(9)N(2) (+)·C(7)H(5)O(2) (-).
  • To identify and characterize the hydrogen bonding networks within the crystal.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was used to determine the molecular structure.
  • Analysis of intermolecular interactions, including hydrogen bonds, was performed.

Main Results:

  • The crystal structure consists of organic cations and anions.
  • N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link cations and anions, forming R(2)(2)(9) rings.
  • Further hydrogen bonding leads to the formation of chains with R(4)(3)(10) rings along the a axis.

Conclusions:

  • The specific arrangement of hydrogen bonds dictates the supramolecular architecture of the molecular salt.
  • The identified ring and chain structures provide insights into crystal packing and potential material properties.