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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training
07:05

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

Published on: August 24, 2017

Neurofeedback for subjective tinnitus patients.

Andrea Crocetti1, Stella Forti, Luca Del Bo

  • 1Fondazione Ascolta e Vivi, Via Foppa 15, Milan, Italy.

Auris, Nasus, Larynx
|May 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that a new neurofeedback protocol, using delta (3-4Hz) and tau (8-12Hz) rhythms, significantly improved tinnitus symptoms. These positive effects on tinnitus management persisted long-term, suggesting neurofeedback

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Audiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Previous research identified enhanced delta (1.5-4Hz) and reduced alpha (8-12Hz) power in temporal regions.
  • Alpha activity in this band is termed tau activity.
  • A novel neurofeedback protocol was developed utilizing temporally generated tau rhythm and delta waves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To replicate a neurofeedback protocol for tinnitus treatment.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of this protocol in alleviating tinnitus symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Fifteen normal-hearing tinnitus patients underwent the neurofeedback protocol.
  • Tinnitus Handicap Inventory and Visual Analogue Scales were used for assessment.
  • Data collected pre-treatment, post-treatment, and at 1, 3, and 6 months follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements in all questionnaire scores were observed post-therapy.
  • Sustained improvements were noted throughout the follow-up period.
  • An increasing trend in the tau/delta ratio was observed, indicating greater stability.

Conclusions:

  • The neurofeedback protocol demonstrated significant and lasting improvements in tinnitus.
  • Further research is needed to identify patient characteristics that predict successful neurofeedback response.
  • Understanding individual adaptation to tinnitus is crucial for optimizing neurofeedback therapy.

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