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Related Concept Videos

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas
05:31

Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas

Published on: January 26, 2024

Pre-eclampsia in low and middle income countries.

Tabassum Firoz1, Harshad Sanghvi, Mario Merialdi

  • 1University of British Columbia, Department of Medicine, Women's Health Centre, Vancouver, Canada. tabassum@interchange.ubc.ca

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
|May 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia cause many global maternal deaths, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Community health workers can improve timely care and reduce mortality from these conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas
05:31

Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas

Published on: January 26, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Global Health
  • Maternal Health

Background:

  • Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are major global causes of maternal and perinatal mortality.
  • Most deaths in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) occur within the community, necessitating localized interventions.
  • Challenges in LMIC include resource limitations and healthcare worker shortages, impacting timely care for pre-eclampsia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical need for community-level interventions for pre-eclampsia in LMIC.
  • To explore strategies like task shifting to address healthcare worker shortages.
  • To emphasize universal prevention and the need for accessible diagnostic tools.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on pre-eclampsia management in resource-limited settings.
  • Analysis of barriers to care, including delays in triage, transport, and treatment.
  • Discussion of potential solutions such as task shifting and affordable diagnostic tools.

Main Results:

  • Three primary delays (triage, transport, treatment) contribute significantly to maternal mortality from pre-eclampsia.
  • Task shifting, particularly utilizing community health workers, is a viable strategy to improve timely care.
  • Limited resources hinder accurate blood pressure and proteinuria measurement, necessitating affordable detection tools.

Conclusions:

  • Community-based interventions and task shifting are crucial for managing pre-eclampsia in LMIC.
  • Universal prevention strategies and accessible diagnostic tools are essential.
  • Addressing barriers to magnesium sulfate utilization is vital for eclampsia prevention and treatment.