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Minerals01:26

Minerals

Minerals are essential nutrients that the human body needs in small amounts to work properly. They play a vital role in many bodily functions, such as building strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are needed for hormone production or to maintain a normal heartbeat. Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, while trace minerals include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.
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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
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Source and Route of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Contamination in Tea Samples
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Published on: September 28, 2022

Skeletal fluorosis from brewed tea.

Kenneth Izuora1, Jennifer G Twombly, Gary M Whitford

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine,Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 3032, USA.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|May 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Skeletal fluorosis (SF) can develop from drinking large amounts of brewed tea, not just contaminated water or instant tea. This case highlights the risk of high fluoride intake from common beverages.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • High fluoride ion (F(-)) levels in water are a primary cause of skeletal fluorosis (SF).
  • Certain teas, particularly those from Camellia sinensis, can accumulate significant amounts of F(-).
  • Previous research indicated instant tea consumption can lead to SF.

Observation:

  • A 48-year-old American woman presented with symptoms of SF.
  • She consumed 1-2 gallons of brewed orange pekoe tea daily for over 30 years.
  • Elevated F(-) levels were detected in her body and beverage.

Findings:

  • The patient exhibited high bone mineral density, severe bone/joint pain, and kyphosis.
  • Despite normal renal function and vitamin D deficiency, she had elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels.
  • Pain resolved upon cessation of tea consumption and vitamin D supplementation.

Implications:

  • This case demonstrates that chronic, high-volume consumption of brewed tea can cause skeletal fluorosis.
  • It expands the understanding of dietary sources contributing to fluoride toxicity.
  • Highlights the importance of evaluating all beverage consumption for potential F(-) exposure.