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Related Concept Videos

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes01:26

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
Viral Structure00:56

Viral Structure

Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...

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Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses
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Dynamic RNA structures in the dengue virus genome.

Nestor G Iglesias1, Andrea V Gamarnik

  • 1Fundación Instituto Leloir-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

RNA Biology
|May 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Dengue virus RNA genome structures regulate viral replication and infectivity. Understanding these dynamic RNA elements and their alternative conformations is crucial for controlling dengue virus.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Dengue virus, a Flaviviridae family member, poses a significant threat to human health.
  • The viral RNA genome is essential for replication, encoding proteins and regulating viral processes.
  • Specific RNA features, like terminal inverted complementary sequences, facilitate genome cyclization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of RNA elements modulating dengue virus replication.
  • To explore the role of dynamic RNA structures in viral processes.
  • To provide insights into alternative genome conformations necessary for infectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on dengue virus RNA structure and function.
  • Analysis of RNA elements involved in viral replication and genome cyclization.

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Use of a Recombinant Mosquito Densovirus As a Gene Delivery Vector for the Functional Analysis of Genes in Mosquito Larvae
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Use of a Recombinant Mosquito Densovirus As a Gene Delivery Vector for the Functional Analysis of Genes in Mosquito Larvae

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Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses
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Measuring Dengue Virus RNA in the Culture Supernatant of Infected Cells by Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Measuring Dengue Virus RNA in the Culture Supernatant of Infected Cells by Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction

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  • Discussion of experimental evidence supporting the role of RNA conformations in infectivity.

    • Main Results:

    • Dengue virus RNA genome possesses complex structures beyond protein-coding regions.
    • Long-range RNA-RNA interactions mediated by terminal sequences are critical for genome cyclization.
    • Alternative RNA conformations are demonstrated to be essential for dengue virus infectivity.

    Conclusions:

    • Dynamic RNA structures and alternative conformations are integral to the dengue virus life cycle.
    • Further research into these RNA elements could reveal novel targets for antiviral strategies.
    • Understanding RNA structure-function relationships is key to deciphering flavivirus replication.