Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)

Area of Science:

• Entomology
• Taxonomy
• Systematics
• Coleoptera Classification

Background:

• The classification of Coleoptera (beetles) involves numerous family-group names, many with complex histories.
• Previous comprehensive syntheses of these names, encompassing both extant and fossil taxa, were lacking.
• Taxonomic stability is crucial for ongoing research in entomology and biodiversity studies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compile and critically evaluate all known extant and fossil Coleoptera family-group names.
• To establish a stable and valid classification framework for these names.
• To resolve issues of priority, homonymy, and synonymy to promote taxonomic stability.

Main Methods:

• Compilation of 4887 family-group names for Coleoptera, including fossil and extant taxa.
• Verification of original spellings, authorship, publication dates, and type genera from primary literature.
• Application of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) for resolving taxonomic conflicts, including reversal of precedence.

Main Results:

• A catalogue of 4887 family-group names (124 fossil, 4763 extant) based on 4707 genera is presented.
• 4492 names were found to be available, with 183 deemed permanently invalid.
• A valid classification recognizing 24 superfamilies, 211 families, 541 subfamilies, 1663 tribes, and 740 subtribes was established, including new synonymies and proposed replacement names.

Conclusions:

• This work provides the first systematic and comprehensive catalogue of Coleoptera family-group names.
• The study resolves numerous taxonomic issues, ensuring a more stable classification for beetles.
• The established classification and conserved names will serve as a foundational resource for future entomological research.