Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention01:27

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Kidney stones and oxidative stress. Types of papillary renal calculi.

Urolithiasis·2025
Same author

The power of desktop scanning electron microscopy with elemental analysis for analyzing urinary stones.

Urolithiasis·2023
Same author

Calcium oxalate monohydrate crystalluria in ethylene glycol poisoning confirmed by scanning electron microscopy.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry·2022
Same author

[Comentario editorial de: Estudio metabólico en nefrolitiasis: una herramienta subutilizada y cómo implementarla en la práctica clínica.]

Archivos espanoles de urologia·2021
Same author

Post-mortem toxicology in the diagnosis of sudden death in young and middle-aged victims.

European review for medical and pharmacological sciences·2019
Same author

Intake of myo-inositol hexaphosphate and urinary excretion of inositol phosphates in Wistar rats: Gavage vs. oral administration with sugar.

PloS one·2019
Same journal

Erratum to: Is routine ureteral stenting necessary after uncomplicated ureteroscopic lithotripsy for lower ureteral stones larger than 1 cm?

Urological research·2017
Same journal

2002 30(th) Munich Endourological Symposium 10-11 October 2002.

Urological research·2014
Same journal

Ellagica acid inhibits arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity and DNA adduct formation in human bladder tumor cell lines (T24 and TSGH 8301).

Urological research·2014
Same journal

Biomolecular mechanism of urinary stone formation involving osteopontin.

Urological research·2012
Same journal

Renal tubular epithelial cell injury, apoptosis and inflammation are involved in melamine-related kidney stone formation.

Urological research·2012
Same journal

Role of 1 week of antibiotic prophylaxis before percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Urological research·2012
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

Urinary pH and renal lithiasis.

F Grases1, A Costa-Bauzá, I Gomila

  • 1Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, Universitary Institute of Health Sciences Research (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain. fgrases@uib.es

Urological Research
|May 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urinary pH influences stone formation. Low pH (<5.5) promotes uric acid crystals, while high pH (>6.0) promotes calcium phosphate crystals, both potentially leading to calcium oxalate calculi. Specific pH ranges correlate with different stone types.

More Related Videos

Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition
03:19

Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Published on: June 21, 2024

Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells
09:40

Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Published on: June 20, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition
03:19

Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Published on: June 21, 2024

Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells
09:40

Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Published on: June 20, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Urology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Calcium oxalate crystals are common in kidney stones.
  • Urinary pH is a key factor in crystal formation and aggregation.
  • The relationship between urinary pH and specific calculus types requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between urinary pH and the formation of different types of urinary calculi.
  • To determine if urinary pH influences the composition and microstructure of kidney stones.
  • To evaluate the lithogenic risk associated with various urinary pH levels.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 1,478 patients.
  • Analysis of calculus composition, macrostructure, and microstructure.
  • Measurement of urinary pH.

Main Results:

  • Calcium oxalate monohydrate unattached calculi were more frequent at pH <5.5 (50.9%).
  • Calcium oxalate dihydrate calculi were found at pH <5.5 (34.1%) and pH >6.0 (41.5%).
  • Infectious calculi predominantly occurred at pH >6.0 (50.7%), while calcium oxalate monohydrate papillary calculi were associated with pH 5.5-6.0 (43.1%).
  • Urine pH <5.5 promotes uric acid crystal formation, and pH >6.0 promotes calcium phosphate crystal formation, both acting as nucleants for calcium oxalate crystals.

Conclusions:

  • Urinary pH is a significant factor in the formation of various urinary calculi.
  • Specific urinary pH ranges are linked to the development of different stone types, including calcium oxalate monohydrate, calcium oxalate dihydrate, and infectious calculi.
  • Urinary pH measurement can aid in assessing lithogenic risk.