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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Antifungal Agents01:15

Antifungal Agents

Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to cholesterol contributes to...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Whole Genome Sequencing of Candida glabrata for Detection of Markers of Antifungal Drug Resistance
08:45

Whole Genome Sequencing of Candida glabrata for Detection of Markers of Antifungal Drug Resistance

Published on: December 28, 2017

[Echinocandins in children].

G Leverger1, N Le Guyader

  • 1Service d'hématologie-oncologie pédiatrique, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, 26, avenue du Docteur-Arnold-Netter, 75012 Paris, France. guy.leverger@trs.aphp.fr

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|May 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Echinocandins are novel antifungal drugs that target fungal cell walls. They show efficacy against Candida and Aspergillus species, offering a safe option for invasive fungal infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Echinocandins represent a new class of antifungal medications.
  • They possess a unique mechanism of action, inhibiting 1,3β-D-glucan synthetase.
  • This enzyme is crucial for synthesizing 1,3β-D-glucan, a vital component of the fungal cell wall.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the properties and applications of echinofungin antifungal agents.
  • To highlight their efficacy and safety profile in treating invasive fungal infections.
  • To discuss their role in clinical practice, including pediatric use.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of echinofungin antifungals.
  • Analysis of their mechanism of action, spectrum of activity, and clinical data.
  • Examination of safety, drug interactions, and administration routes.

Main Results:

  • Echinocandins demonstrate good activity against Candida and Aspergillus species.
  • Caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin are the main agents in this class.
  • These drugs require intravenous administration and are known for their efficacy and safety with rare drug interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Echinocandins are valuable therapeutic options for invasive fungal infections due to their specific mechanism and favorable safety profile.
  • Their efficacy against common fungal pathogens makes them important in clinical settings.
  • In France, micafungin and caspofungin have specific approvals for pediatric use, expanding their application.