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Related Concept Videos

Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
Insomnia01:27

Insomnia

Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and waking up too early without being able to return to sleep. People with insomnia often experience these disruptions at least three nights a week for at least one month. Chronic insomnia, which lasts for at least three months, can lead to increased anxiety, which in turn can worsen sleep difficulties, creating a cycle of sleeplessness and stress.
Multiple factors contribute...
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
Understanding Sleep01:11

Understanding Sleep

Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview01:23

Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview

Sedatives are drugs that alleviate anxiety, while hypnotics induce sleep. Both classes of medication suppress neuronal activity, leading to a calming effect for sedatives and facilitating sleep for hypnotics.
Sedative-hypnotics are categorized into barbiturates, benzodiazepines (BZDs), and non-benzodiazepines or Z-drugs. These drugs work by suppressing central nervous system activity, and this suppression is dose-dependent. Older sedative medications, like barbiturates, follow a linear curve in...
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...

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A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
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Acute insomnia: current conceptualizations and future directions.

Jason G Ellis1, Philip Gehrman, Colin A Espie

  • 1Northumbria Centre for Sleep Research, School of Psychology and Sports Science, Northumbria University, Northumberland Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK. jason.ellis@northumbria.ac.uk

Sleep Medicine Reviews
|May 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute insomnia, often overlooked, lacks research despite its prevalence. This review highlights the need for structured diagnosis and proposes a new diagnostic system to advance research and treatment strategies for situational acute insomnia.

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Area of Science:

  • Sleep Medicine
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Persistent/chronic insomnia research is extensive, yet acute insomnia remains understudied.
  • Understanding the situational and personological factors contributing to acute insomnia is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on the circumstances surrounding the development of acute insomnia.
  • To evaluate theoretical models explaining the transition to acute insomnia.
  • To propose a structured diagnostic system for acute insomnia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing diagnostic systems for acute insomnia.
  • Exploration and evaluation of theoretical models of acute insomnia.
  • Examination of evidence on the pathogenesis of acute insomnia from naturalistic and experimental studies.

Main Results:

  • A significant paucity of evidence exists regarding the development and pathogenesis of acute insomnia.
  • Existing diagnostic systems inadequately conceptualize acute insomnia.
  • There is a clear need for a structured diagnostic approach to acute insomnia.

Conclusions:

  • A structured diagnosis is crucial for advancing research and treatment of acute insomnia.
  • A proposed diagnostic system, informed by stress and depression diagnostics, is presented.
  • An agenda for future research in acute insomnia is outlined.