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Microfluidic Preparation of Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Actuators
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Published on: May 20, 2018

Endotoxin-induced structural transformations in liquid crystalline droplets.

I-Hsin Lin1, Daniel S Miller, Paul J Bertics

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1607, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ultra-sensitive liquid crystals (LCs) detect picogram endotoxin levels in water, triggering ordering transitions. This discovery offers new designs for responsive soft matter based on endotoxin-glycophospholipid interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Surface and contaminant interactions influence liquid crystal (LC) ordering.
  • Endotoxins are potent biological contaminants with known surface activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of endotoxin on the ordering transitions of micrometer-size liquid crystal droplets.
  • To explore the mechanism underlying the sensitivity of LCs to endotoxin and its dependence on LC geometry and endotoxin structure.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing micrometer-size liquid crystal droplets and slab geometries.
  • Measuring ordering transitions triggered by picogram per milliliter concentrations of endotoxin in water.
  • Analyzing surface concentrations and interfacial energy changes.
  • Investigating the role of topological defects and glycophospholipid structure.

Main Results:

  • Picogram per milliliter concentrations of endotoxin induce ordering transitions in LC droplets at surface concentrations below 10(-5) Langmuir.
  • The observed transitions are not attributed to adsorbate-induced changes in interfacial energy.
  • LC sensitivity to endotoxin varied by six orders of magnitude with geometry (droplet vs. slab).
  • Endotoxin-LC interactions with topological defects mediate the droplet response.

Conclusions:

  • Liquid crystal ordering transitions are highly sensitive to endotoxin, mediated by interactions with topological defects.
  • The geometry of the liquid crystal significantly impacts its sensitivity to endotoxin.
  • LCs exhibit strong dependence on glycophospholipid structure, offering potential for new responsive soft matter designs.