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Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...

Allergic Reactions

Allergic Reactions

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...

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Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice

Published on: October 14, 2014

[Antiseptic anaphylaxis].

S Paiano¹, J Seebach, C Hauser

¹Service d'immunologie et d'allergologie, Département des spécialités de medecine, HUG, 1211 Geneve 14. sandra.paiano@hcuge.ch

Revue Medicale Suisse

|May 24, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Antiseptics can cause rare but severe anaphylactic reactions, not just skin allergies. This article reviews common antiseptics linked to immediate hypersensitivity and discusses diagnosis and treatment.

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Published on: September 14, 2018

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Allergology
Clinical Immunology

Context:

Antiseptics are integral to modern medical procedures, widely employed for infection control.
While cutaneous side effects like allergic contact dermatitis are documented, immediate hypersensitivity reactions are less understood.
This highlights a gap in knowledge regarding severe adverse reactions to common antiseptic agents.

Purpose:

To identify and describe antiseptics currently in medical use that are associated with immediate hypersensitivity reactions.
To elucidate the mechanisms and clinical presentations of anaphylaxis induced by antiseptics.
To provide an overview of diagnostic strategies and therapeutic interventions for antiseptic-induced anaphylaxis.

Summary:

This review focuses on antiseptics implicated in immediate hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis.
It details the clinical characteristics and potential triggers among commonly used antiseptic agents.
Diagnostic approaches, such as skin testing and specific IgE detection, are explored, alongside management protocols.

Impact:

Enhances clinical awareness of rare but critical adverse reactions to antiseptics.
Provides clinicians with essential information for diagnosing and managing antiseptic-induced anaphylaxis.
Contributes to patient safety by informing best practices in antiseptic use and risk assessment.