Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Rabies01:28

Rabies

Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus of the Lyssavirus genus, within the family Rhabdoviridae. Its primary mode of transmission to humans is through bites or saliva-contaminated scratches from infected mammals such as dogs, bats, raccoons, or foxes. Transmission can also occur if infectious saliva contacts abraded skin or intact mucous membranes, including the conjunctiva.Viral Entry and Early ReplicationOnce introduced at the bite or scratch...
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
Inhibitors Of Virion Release01:25

Inhibitors Of Virion Release

Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly01:19

Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly

As part of their replication cycle, certain viruses synthesize long precursor proteins called polyproteins within infected host cells. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), two major polyproteins are produced: Gag and Gag-Pol. The Gag polyprotein supplies the structural components of the virus, while Gag-Pol includes essential viral enzymes such as reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease. After synthesis, these polyproteins move to the host cell membrane, where they assemble into an...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Publisher Correction: Functional synapses between neurons and small cell lung cancer.

Nature·2025
Same author

Functional synapses between neurons and small cell lung cancer.

Nature·2025
Same author

Programming of neural progenitors of the adult subependymal zone towards a glutamatergic neuron lineage by neurogenin 2.

Stem cell reports·2023
Same author

The parabrachial nucleus elicits a vigorous corticosterone feedback response to the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β.

Neuron·2023
Same author

Brain injury environment critically influences the connectivity of transplanted neurons.

Science advances·2022
Same author

Excessive local host-graft connectivity in aging and amyloid-loaded brain.

Science advances·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Rescue of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus from cDNA
10:55

Rescue of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus from cDNA

Published on: October 11, 2013

Interferon in rabies virus infection.

Martina Rieder1, Karl-Klaus Conzelmann

  • 1Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.

Advances in Virus Research
|May 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rabies virus (RABV) evades the host immune system. The RABV phosphoprotein (P) blocks interferon production, a key antiviral defense, allowing the virus to infect and cause disease.

More Related Videos

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
10:00

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes

Published on: March 24, 2015

Detection of Rabies IgG and IgM Antibodies Using the Rabies Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test
07:54

Detection of Rabies IgG and IgM Antibodies Using the Rabies Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test

Published on: January 19, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Rescue of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus from cDNA
10:55

Rescue of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus from cDNA

Published on: October 11, 2013

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
10:00

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes

Published on: March 24, 2015

Detection of Rabies IgG and IgM Antibodies Using the Rabies Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test
07:54

Detection of Rabies IgG and IgM Antibodies Using the Rabies Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test

Published on: January 19, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Rabies virus (RABV) is a dangerous pathogen causing tens of thousands of human deaths annually.
  • RABV is unique among Rhabdoviridae for its adaptation to warm-blooded hosts and strict neurotropism.
  • The innate immune system, especially type I interferons, and viral evasion strategies are critical in the RABV-host interaction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which RABV interacts with and antagonizes the host innate immune system.
  • To understand how RABV sensing by innate immune receptors and subsequent signaling pathways are modulated by the virus.
  • To identify viral factors responsible for counteracting antiviral responses.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the sensing of RABV by cytoplasmic RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) using RABV 5'-triphosphate RNAs as pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
  • Analyzed the role of the RABV phosphoprotein (P) in antagonizing interferon production and signaling.
  • Studied the impact of viral counteraction on the expression of antiviral and immune-stimulatory genes.

Main Results:

  • RABV 5'-triphosphate RNAs were identified as the primary trigger for RLR-mediated sensing.
  • The RABV phosphoprotein (P) was confirmed as a potent antagonist of interferon gene transcriptional activation.
  • RABV P effectively inhibits interferon signaling pathways, limiting the host's antiviral response.

Conclusions:

  • RABV employs sophisticated strategies to evade innate immunity, primarily through its phosphoprotein (P).
  • Understanding these viral counteractions is crucial for developing effective rabies prevention and treatment strategies.
  • The interplay between RABV and the type I interferon system highlights a key aspect of rabies pathogenesis.