Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Dose-Response Relationship: Potency and Efficacy01:22

Dose-Response Relationship: Potency and Efficacy

The potency of a drug is the measure of its ability to produce a biological response and can be compared by looking at the half-maximum effective concentration or EC50 values of different drugs. A lower EC50 value indicates higher potency of the drug. In the dose–response curve of two antihypertensive drugs, candesartan and irbesartan, a significant difference is observed in their EC50 values. A lower EC50 value for candesartan indicates that it is more potent than irbesartan, as it produces...
Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Intensity of Dose-Effect Relationship01:23

Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Intensity of Dose-Effect Relationship

Pharmacodynamics explores the relationship between drug concentration and its effect. In a quantal response drug, the duration of action better correlates with drug concentration, while for graded effect drugs, the intensity of response is more relevant. This intensity depends on the dose, drug removal rate, and the region of the concentration–response curve.The concentration–response curve can be divided into three regions. Region 3 (80–100% maximum response) demonstrates that even as drug...
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Overview01:19

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Overview

Nonlinear or dose-dependent pharmacokinetics is a phenomenon that occurs when the pharmacokinetic parameters of certain drugs deviate from linear pharmacokinetics at higher doses. These drugs do not follow the expected first-order kinetics, where the rate of drug elimination is directly proportional to the drug concentration. Instead, they exhibit a nonlinear relationship, which can be attributed to several factors.
Nonlinearity can arise due to the saturation of plasma protein-binding or...
Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Dose to Pharmacological Effect01:28

Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Dose to Pharmacological Effect

A drug’s dosage and pharmacokinetic properties determine how quickly it acts, how intense its effects are, and how long it lasts. Higher doses increase drug concentration at receptor sites, producing a hyperbolic curve when pharmacologic response is plotted against drug dose. Converting this scale to a log-linear format results in a sigmoidal curve, better representing dose–response relationships.For drugs following a one-compartment model, the pharmacologic response is directly proportional to...
Dose Response Curve: Conventional Versus Nonmonotonic01:21

Dose Response Curve: Conventional Versus Nonmonotonic

The correlation between a drug's dosage and its impact on a biological system is a cornerstone of pharmacology and toxicology. Conventional dose–response curves, which include graded and quantal relationships, are key to this understanding. Graded dose–response curves depict the spectrum of a biological reaction to different doses within an individual, indicating that as the drug dosage increases, so does the intensity of the response. On the other hand, quantal dose–response relationships...
Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Problems01:24

Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Problems

The empirical approach to drug therapy optimization relies on correlating pharmacological response with administered dosage. Such an approach can be costly, time-consuming, and often yields poor correlation due to variables like formulation factors and drug elimination characteristics. A more precise approach correlates response with plasma drug concentration or the amount of drug in the body, rather than dosage. This is achieved through pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling, which...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Decreased cigarette smoking may partially explain the increased prevalence of antinuclear antibodies in the United States.

Frontiers in immunology·2025
Same author

Comparison of overnight trends in relative power for specific frequency bands, sleep stages, and brain regions between patients with depressive disorder and matched control subjects.

Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging·2025
Same author

Age Trajectories of O<sub>2</sub> Saturation and Levels of Serum Bicarbonate or End-Tidal CO<sub>2</sub> Across the Life Course of Women and Men: Insights from EHR and PSG Data.

Biomolecules·2025
Same author

A method for finding epistatic effects of maternal and fetal variants.

Frontiers in genetics·2025
Same author

Lessons learned from evaluating defined chemical mixtures in a high-throughput estrogen receptor assay system.

Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology·2025
Same author

Sex- and age-differences in supine positional obstructive sleep apnea in children and adults.

Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung·2025
Same journal

The NTP Chronic Inhalation Study Does Not Support an Inherent Lung Cancer Hazard of Talc: Implications of Lung Particle Overload and Maximum Tolerated Dose.

Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP·2026
Same journal

Consideration of Carcinogenicity and Mode of Action Information by an Independent Expert Panel to Support Derivation of No-Significant-Risk-Level Values for Vinyl Acetate Monomer.

Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP·2026
Same journal

Which carcinogenicity study should I use? Automated identification of reliable studies.

Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP·2026
Same journal

Adoption of artificial intelligence in drug review across the lifecycle: Transformation of regulatory decision-making.

Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP·2026
Same journal

Cardiovascular outcomes following intrauterine and lactational exposure to cyantraniliprole in male Wistar rats.

Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP·2026
Same journal

Pesticide residue and mycotoxin occurrence in apples and their impact on human health in Morocco.

Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Determination of the Relative Potency of an Anti-TNF Monoclonal Antibody (mAb) by Neutralizing TNF Using an In Vitro Bioanalytical Method
16:07

Determination of the Relative Potency of an Anti-TNF Monoclonal Antibody (mAb) by Neutralizing TNF Using an In Vitro Bioanalytical Method

Published on: September 16, 2017

Characterizing non-constant relative potency.

Gregg E Dinse1, David M Umbach

  • 1Biostatistics Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2233, USA. dinse@niehs.nih.gov

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP
|May 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Estimating chemical relative potency (RP) is crucial in toxicology. This study introduces a flexible approach allowing RP to vary with dose or response, improving accuracy for non-similar dose-response curves.

More Related Videos

High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents (HPHC)
11:38

High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents (HPHC)

Published on: May 10, 2016

Reproducibility and Harmonization in Research Using Biological Standards: The Example of Platelet Agonist Collagen-Related Peptide
04:50

Reproducibility and Harmonization in Research Using Biological Standards: The Example of Platelet Agonist Collagen-Related Peptide

Published on: August 4, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Determination of the Relative Potency of an Anti-TNF Monoclonal Antibody (mAb) by Neutralizing TNF Using an In Vitro Bioanalytical Method
16:07

Determination of the Relative Potency of an Anti-TNF Monoclonal Antibody (mAb) by Neutralizing TNF Using an In Vitro Bioanalytical Method

Published on: September 16, 2017

High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents (HPHC)
11:38

High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents (HPHC)

Published on: May 10, 2016

Reproducibility and Harmonization in Research Using Biological Standards: The Example of Platelet Agonist Collagen-Related Peptide
04:50

Reproducibility and Harmonization in Research Using Biological Standards: The Example of Platelet Agonist Collagen-Related Peptide

Published on: August 4, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Pharmacology
  • Risk Assessment

Background:

  • Relative potency (RP) is vital for chemical risk assessment, enabling dose calculation and mixture evaluation.
  • Current methods often assume constant RP, which is inaccurate for non-similar dose-response curves.
  • This assumption can lead to distorted conclusions in chemical safety evaluations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a generalized framework for estimating relative potency.
  • To allow relative potency to vary as a function of dose, response, or response quantile.
  • To provide a more accurate and flexible approach for chemicals with non-similar dose-response curves.

Main Methods:

  • Developed distinct functions to generalize constant relative potency descriptions.
  • Introduced relative potency as a function of response quantile for a modified definition.
  • Utilized constructed examples and real-world toxicological data for illustration.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that relative potency can be effectively modeled as a function of dose or response.
  • Showcased how this approach accommodates non-similar dose-response curves.
  • Highlighted the distinct nature of relative potency as a function of response quantile when response limits differ.

Conclusions:

  • Relative potency functions offer a unified and principled method for describing relative potency.
  • This generalized approach enhances accuracy and reduces potential misinterpretations in toxicological assessments.
  • The choice of definition depends on whether response limit differences are considered intrinsic or extrinsic.