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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Published on: February 13, 2021
Diastolic heart failure: progress, treatment challenges, and prevention
Philip Wood1, Sanaz Piran, Peter P Liu
1The Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre for Excellence, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
The Canadian Journal of Cardiology
|May 24, 2011
Summary
Diastolic heart failure (DHF), also known as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, is a distinct condition with unique mechanisms. Prevention through aggressive risk factor management is key, as effective therapies are still under development.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pathophysiology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Diastolic heart failure (DHF) significance is increasingly recognized.
- Epidemiologic studies show a rising burden of DHF.
- DHF is distinct from systolic heart failure.
Purpose of the Study:
- Examine the role, significance, and mechanisms of DHF.
- Clarify diagnostic criteria and pathophysiological entities.
- Review current understanding of DHF.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiologic studies and experimental data.
- Analysis of standardized clinical criteria, imaging, and structural data.
- Examination of DHF etiologies, risk factors, and exacerbating factors.
Main Results:
- DHF is a distinct pathophysiological entity with unique mechanisms including abnormal matrix dynamics, altered myocyte cytoskeleton, and impaired active relaxation.
- Updated data challenge the belief of better survival in DHF compared to systolic heart failure.
- Heterogeneous etiologies (aging, diabetes, hypertension, ischemia) complicate diagnosis and treatment.
Conclusions:
- No proven therapies for DHF exist, though novel targets are considered.
- Prevention through aggressive risk factor management is crucial.
- Managing exacerbating factors like volume/sodium indiscretion, arrhythmias, and comorbidities is vital.
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