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Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...

Ankle Joint

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...

Method of Joints

Method of Joints

The method of joints is a commonly used technique to analyze the forces in structural trusses. The method is based on the principle of equilibrium, which assumes that the truss members are connected by frictionless pins. The forces at each joint can be determined by considering the equilibrium of the forces acting on that joint.
Since plane truss members are in the same plane, each joint is subjected to a coplanar and concurrent force system. To apply the method of joints, the first step is to...

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...

Joints

Joints

Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
The bones of a...

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
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Synchondrosis
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

A Morphometric and Cellular Analysis Method for the Murine Mandibular Condyle

A Morphometric and Cellular Analysis Method for the Murine Mandibular Condyle

Published on: January 11, 2018

A simple method to expand the joint space for TMJ surgery.

¹Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. iyuhu@kmu.edu.tw

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

|May 24, 2011

Summary

This study introduces a straightforward technique for expanding temporomandibular joint spaces during open surgery. This method facilitates improved access to lesions for effective treatment of internal derangement.

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A Morphometric and Cellular Analysis Method for the Murine Mandibular Condyle

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Area of Science:

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Orthodontics
Anatomy

Background:

Internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) often necessitates surgical intervention.
Adequate joint space expansion is crucial for accessing TMJ structures during open surgery.
Current methods for joint space expansion may present challenges in accessibility or complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a simple and effective method for expanding the temporomandibular joint space during open surgical procedures.
To improve surgical access to intra-articular lesions of the TMJ.
To offer a practical solution for a common challenge in TMJ surgery.

Main Methods:

The paper describes a novel, simple technique for joint space expansion.
The method is detailed with the aim of easy replication by surgeons.
Specific instruments or maneuvers used in the technique are outlined.

Main Results:

The presented method successfully expands the temporomandibular joint space.
The technique allows for improved visualization and access to the joint.
The simplicity of the method facilitates its integration into standard surgical protocols.

Conclusions:

A simple and effective method for temporomandibular joint space expansion in open surgery is described.
This technique enhances surgical access, aiding in the treatment of internal derangement.
The proposed method offers a valuable addition to the surgical armamentarium for TMJ disorders.