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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

$Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening$

Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening

Published on: October 18, 2024

Screening for hyperopia in infants using the PowerRefractor.

Nidhi G Satiani¹, Donald O Mutti

¹The Ohio State University College of Optometry, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry

|May 24, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

High hyperopia was detected in 7.5% of 2-month-old infants. Using accessory +4.50 D spectacles with the PowerRefractor improved detection accuracy compared to standard methods.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Pediatric Optometry
Refractive Error Assessment

Background:

High hyperopia in infants can impact visual development.
Accurate refractive error assessment is crucial in early childhood.
The PowerRefractor (PR) is a handheld autorefractor used for infant eye exams.

Purpose of the Study:

Determine the prevalence of high hyperopia in infants.
Evaluate the PowerRefractor's ability to detect high hyperopia.
Compare the PR with and without accessory lenses to cycloplegic retinoscopy.

Main Methods:

200 infants underwent cycloplegic retinoscopy and PowerRefractor (PR) examination.
PR measurements were repeated with +4.50 D spectacles if initial readings were high.
Examinations were performed during routine well-baby visits at 2 months of age.

Main Results:

7.5% of infants had spherical equivalent refractive error ≥ +5.00 D.
The +4.50 D accessory spectacles significantly improved the PR's detection of high hyperopia.
The PR with accessory glasses showed high sensitivity and specificity compared to retinoscopy.

Conclusions:

Accessory +4.50 D spectacles effectively extend the PowerRefractor's range.
The modified PR can accurately detect high hyperopia in 2-month-old infants.
This method offers a viable alternative to cycloplegic retinoscopy for detecting significant hyperopia.