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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's phenomenon, is a...
Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...
Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

Disorders of the Nervous Tissue

Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
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Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

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Published on: July 19, 2019

Autonomic disorders in multiple sclerosis.

E Lensch1, W H Jost

  • 1Department of Neurology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Aukammallee 33, 65191 Wiesbaden, Germany.

Autoimmune Diseases
|May 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) causes central nervous system lesions leading to motor and autonomic dysfunction. Autonomic disturbances in MS are common, multifaceted, and often overlooked during patient evaluation.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS).
  • MS pathology leads to widespread CNS lesions affecting both somatomotor and autonomic pathways.
  • Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction is a common yet frequently underestimated consequence of MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the prevalence and multifaceted nature of autonomic disturbances in multiple sclerosis.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing autonomic dysfunction during clinical assessment.
  • To underscore the need for considering ANS impairments in the diagnosis and management of MS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations and pathological findings in multiple sclerosis.
  • Analysis of the impact of CNS lesions on autonomic control centers and pathways.
  • Correlation of somatomotor and autonomic symptoms in MS patients.

Main Results:

  • Autonomic disturbances, including cardiovascular, bladder, and rectal dysfunctions, occur frequently in MS.
  • Both somatomotor and autonomic symptoms manifest with similar frequency.
  • Clinical examinations often prioritize somatomotor symptoms, potentially overlooking autonomic impairments.

Conclusions:

  • Autonomic nervous system dysfunction is a significant and common feature of multiple sclerosis.
  • Systematic assessment of autonomic functions is crucial for accurate MS diagnosis and comprehensive patient care.
  • Increased clinical awareness and targeted examination for autonomic disturbances are necessary in managing MS patients.