Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Recurrent Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infection Triggered by Gardnerella vaginalis Bladder Exposure in Mice
08:53

Recurrent Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infection Triggered by Gardnerella vaginalis Bladder Exposure in Mice

Published on: December 4, 2020

Adherence to antibiotic prophylaxis in children with vesicoureteral reflux

Esequiel Rodriguez1, Dana A Weiss, Hillary L Copp

  • 1UCSF Department of Urology, University of California, 400 Parnassus Ave, A633 San Francisco, CA 94143-0738, USA.

Advances in Urology
|May 24, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Adherence to continuous antibiotic prophylaxis (CAP) for pediatric vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is crucial. Poor adherence can lead to kidney infections, scarring, and antibiotic resistance, underscoring the need for improved strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) affects 1% of children, increasing risk of pyelonephritis and renal scarring.
  • Continuous antibiotic prophylaxis (CAP) is a common treatment to prevent infections in children with VUR.
  • Limited data exists on adherence to long-term CAP in pediatric VUR patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review medication adherence in children with VUR.
  • To discuss the consequences of nonadherence to CAP.
  • To propose strategies for improving adherence to CAP.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on medication adherence in pediatric VUR.
  • Analysis of consequences of nonadherence to CAP.
  • Discussion of potential interventions to enhance adherence.

Main Results:

  • Nonadherence to CAP may negate therapeutic benefits and lead to adverse outcomes.
  • Consequences include treatment changes, antibiotic resistance, and compromised research.
  • Strategies to improve adherence are needed for effective VUR management.

Conclusions:

  • Improving adherence to CAP is essential for preventing complications in pediatric VUR.
  • Healthcare providers, researchers, and communities must address adherence challenges.
  • Further research and interventions are required to optimize CAP adherence.

More Related Videos

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis08:09

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis

Published on: January 7, 2019

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs like...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...