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Bone health in multiple sclerosis.

J C Gibson1, G D Summers

  • 1Level 2, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital, Uttoxeter Road, Derby, DE22 3NE, UK. jeremy.gibson@nhs.net

Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
|May 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients face higher osteoporosis and fracture risks due to reduced bone density, particularly linked to immobility and disability. Early screening and interventions like bisphosphonates are recommended for bone health management in MS.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Orthopedics
  • Bone Metabolism

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures.
  • Bone mineral density (BMD) is often reduced in individuals with MS, particularly at the hip.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review bone health issues in MS patients.
  • To provide practical recommendations for osteoporosis and fracture risk prevention and screening in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search up to April 2011 using relevant keywords.
  • Analysis of articles pertaining to bone health in MS.

Main Results:

  • Reduced BMD at lumbar spine, hip, and total body in MS patients, with the hip showing the greatest reduction.
  • Strong correlation between disability level (Expanded Disability Status Score) and BMD, especially at the femoral neck.
  • Immobility identified as the primary factor for low BMD and increased fracture risk.
  • Falls and fractures are more common in MS patients, with risk increasing with disability.
  • Pulsed corticosteroids did not significantly affect BMD, but fracture risk impact is unclear.
  • No clear correlation found between vitamin D levels and BMD or disability.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with MS are at elevated risk for osteoporosis and fractures, primarily due to immobility and disability.
  • Antiresorptive therapy (bisphosphonates) and vitamin D optimization are potential interventions, though further randomized studies are needed.