Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gibbs Free Energy02:39

Gibbs Free Energy

One of the challenges of using the second law of thermodynamics to determine if a process is spontaneous is that it requires measurements of the entropy change for the system and the entropy change for the surroundings. An alternative approach involving a new thermodynamic property defined in terms of system properties only was introduced in the late nineteenth century by American mathematician Josiah Willard Gibbs. This new property is called the Gibbs free energy (G) (or simply the free...
Gibbs Free Energy and Thermodynamic Favorability02:23

Gibbs Free Energy and Thermodynamic Favorability

The spontaneity of a process depends upon the temperature of the system. Phase transitions, for example, will proceed spontaneously in one direction or the other depending upon the temperature of the substance in question. Likewise, some chemical reactions can also exhibit temperature-dependent spontaneities. To illustrate this concept, the equation relating free energy change to the enthalpy and entropy changes for the process is considered:
Quantifying and Rejecting Outliers: The Grubbs Test01:02

Quantifying and Rejecting Outliers: The Grubbs Test

Sometimes, a data set can have a recorded numerical observation that greatly  deviates from the rest of the data. Assuming that the data is normally distributed, a statistical method called the Grubbs test can be used to determine whether the observation is truly an outlier.  To perform a two-tailed Grubbs test, first, calculate the absolute difference between the outlier and the mean. Then, calculate the ratio between this difference and the standard deviation of the sample. This number is...
Accuracy and Errors in Hypothesis Testing01:13

Accuracy and Errors in Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis testing is a fundamental statistical tool that begins with the assumption that the null hypothesis H0 is true. During this process, two types of errors can occur: Type I and Type II. A Type I error refers to the incorrect rejection of a true null hypothesis, while a Type II error involves the failure to reject a false null hypothesis.
In hypothesis testing, the probability of making a Type I error, denoted as α, is commonly set at 0.05. This significance level indicates a 5% chance...
Calculating Standard Free Energy Changes02:49

Calculating Standard Free Energy Changes

The free energy change for a reaction that occurs under the standard conditions of 1 bar pressure and at 298 K is called the standard free energy change. Since free energy is a state function, its value depends only on the conditions of the initial and final states of the system. A convenient and common approach to the calculation of free energy changes for physical and chemical reactions is by use of widely available compilations of standard state thermodynamic data. One method involves the...
The Reaction Gibbs Energy01:29

The Reaction Gibbs Energy

The reaction Gibbs energy (ΔrG) is a crucial parameter that determines whether a reaction will occur spontaneously or not. It can be used to categorize reactions into two types: exergonic and endergonic.Exergonic reactions are those in which ΔrG is less than zero. This implies that these reactions can occur spontaneously without an external input of energy. In biological systems, a typical example of an exergonic reaction is the oxidation of carbohydrates. This reaction produces simple...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Activity modelling of the solid-liquid equilibrium of deep eutectic solvents.

Pure and applied chemistry. Chimie pure et appliquee·2024
Same author

On the Use of Probe Liquids for Surface Energy Measurements.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2023
Same author

Melting Is Well-Known, but Is It Also Well-Understood?

Chemical reviews·2023
Same author

In Vitro Mineralization of Collagen.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2023
Same author

PolySMart: a general coarse-grained molecular dynamics polymerization scheme.

Materials horizons·2023
Same author

From binary AB to ternary ABC supraparticles.

Materials horizons·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Improving Student Outcomes with an Adaptable Molecular Cloning Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience
10:17

Improving Student Outcomes with an Adaptable Molecular Cloning Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience

Published on: November 15, 2024

Should the Gibbs analysis be revised?

Jozua Laven1, Gijsbertus de With

  • 1Laboratory for Materials and Interface Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands. J.Laven@tue.nl

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|May 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent challenges to the Gibbs adsorption isotherm are invalid. Surface tension data near the critical micelle concentration accurately reflects constant adsorption, confirming the Gibbs theory

More Related Videos

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach
04:35

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach

Published on: July 3, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Improving Student Outcomes with an Adaptable Molecular Cloning Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience
10:17

Improving Student Outcomes with an Adaptable Molecular Cloning Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience

Published on: November 15, 2024

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach
04:35

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach

Published on: July 3, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Surface Science
  • Colloid Science

Background:

  • The Gibbs adsorption isotherm is a fundamental concept in understanding surface phenomena.
  • Recent publications have questioned the validity of the Gibbs adsorption isotherm, particularly concerning surface tension behavior of surfactant solutions.
  • Specific doubts focus on the interpretation of the linearly declining surface tension observed before the critical micelle concentration (CMC).

Discussion:

  • Conceptual arguments against the Gibbs isotherm appear to stem from a misunderstanding of the underlying theory.
  • Experimental evidence cited against the isotherm is attributed to inaccurate data treatment and analysis.
  • This work re-evaluates the arguments, demonstrating their lack of validity.

Key Insights:

  • The linearly declining surface tension observed before the CMC in surfactant solutions correctly represents a state of constant adsorption.
  • Proper treatment of experimental data confirms the predictions of the Gibbs adsorption isotherm.
  • The validity of the Gibbs adsorption isotherm remains robust.

Outlook:

  • Further validation of the Gibbs adsorption isotherm using advanced experimental techniques is warranted.
  • Clarification of theoretical concepts can prevent future misinterpretations.
  • This study reinforces the foundational importance of the Gibbs adsorption isotherm in surface and colloid science.