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Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
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Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.

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Polysome Fractionation and Analysis of Mammalian Translatomes on a Genome-wide Scale
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Growth-factor regulation of mdm-2 messenger-RNA expression.

Z Fei1, M Rizzo, R Baserga

  • 1THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,JEFFERSON CANC INST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. IST REGINA ELENA,ONCOGENESI MOLEC LAB,ROME,ITALY.

Oncology Reports
|May 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) both increase mdm-2 mRNA levels in mouse cells. These growth factors regulate mdm-2 mRNA expression independently.

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Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols

Published on: June 6, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Signaling
  • Gene Expression Regulation

Background:

  • Cell growth and proliferation are tightly regulated processes.
  • Growth factors like PDGF and IGF-I play critical roles in controlling cell behavior.
  • MDM-2 is a key regulator of the p53 tumor suppressor protein.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how growth factors influence mdm-2 mRNA expression.
  • To determine the specific roles of PDGF and IGF-I in regulating mdm-2 mRNA levels.
  • To understand the independent or cooperative effects of these growth factors.

Main Methods:

  • Primary mouse embryo fibroblasts were cultured.
  • Cells were treated with PDGF and IGF-I.
  • MDM-2 mRNA levels were quantified using techniques such as Northern blotting or RT-qPCR.

Main Results:

  • Both PDGF and IGF-I significantly increased mdm-2 mRNA levels in mouse embryo fibroblasts.
  • The up-regulation of mdm-2 mRNA by PDGF and IGF-I occurred independently of each other.
  • Neither growth factor appeared to require the presence of the other to induce mdm-2 mRNA expression.

Conclusions:

  • PDGF and IGF-I are potent regulators of mdm-2 mRNA expression in mouse embryo fibroblasts.
  • The signaling pathways activated by PDGF and IGF-I converge to modulate mdm-2 mRNA levels independently.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the complex interplay between growth factor signaling and cell cycle control, particularly concerning the MDM-2/p53 axis.