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Magnesium and calcium organophyllosilicates: synthesis and in vitro cytotoxicity study
Hyo-Kyung Han1, Young-Chul Lee, Moo-Yeol Lee
1College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University , Pil-dong, 3-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
Synthesis of multifunctional hybrid nanomaterials for biomedical applications has received great attention. Herein, we examine the potential toxicity of organophyllosilicates on cells from different organs such as A549 (lung epithelial cancer), HT-29 (colon epithelial cancer), MRC-5 (lung fibroblast) and CCD-986sk (skin fibroblast) cells. For this, aminopropyl functionalized magnesium phyllosilicate (AMP clay) and aminopropyl functionalized calcium phyllosilicate (ACP clay) were prepared using one-pot direct sol-gel method. Toxic effects of these organoclays on normal fibroblast and tumor cells were examined under varying concentrations and exposure times. MTT and LDH assays indicated that both organoclays had little cytotoxicity in all of the cells tested at concentrations as high as 500 μg/mL. Even at high concentration (1000 μg/mL), the toxicity of both organoclays on cell viability and membrane damage was not severe and appeared to be cell type specific. In addition, organoclays did not induce apoptosis at concentrations as high as 1000 μg/mL.
Insights
Aminopropyl functionalized phyllosilicates (AMP and ACP clays) show low toxicity to lung, colon, and skin cells. These novel nanomaterials exhibit minimal cytotoxicity and do not induce apoptosis, suggesting their safety for biomedical applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Multifunctional hybrid nanomaterials are crucial for advancing biomedical applications.
- Organophyllosilicates are emerging as promising candidates for such uses.
- Assessing their potential toxicity is essential before clinical translation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the cytotoxicity of aminopropyl functionalized magnesium phyllosilicate (AMP clay) and aminopropyl functionalized calcium phyllosilicate (ACP clay).
- To investigate the effects of these organoclays on various human cell lines, including cancer and normal fibroblast cells.
- To determine the influence of concentration and exposure time on organoclay toxicity.
Main Methods:
- Organoclays (AMP and ACP) were synthesized using a one-pot direct sol-gel method.
- Cytotoxicity was assessed using MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays.
- Apoptosis induction was evaluated at high concentrations and varying exposure times.
Main Results:
- Both AMP and ACP clays demonstrated low cytotoxicity across tested cell lines (A549, HT-29, MRC-5, CCD-986sk) up to 500 μg/mL.
- Even at 1000 μg/mL, toxicity was not severe and showed cell type specificity.
- No significant apoptosis induction was observed at concentrations up to 1000 μg/mL.
Conclusions:
- Aminopropyl functionalized phyllosilicates exhibit a favorable safety profile for biomedical applications.
- These organoclays possess low cytotoxicity and do not induce apoptosis, indicating good biocompatibility.
- Further research can explore their therapeutic potential in various organs.
