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Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a powerful analytical technique used in mass spectrometry. It enables the identification and characterization of various biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. MALDI is an ionization technique, widely employed in biological and medical research, as well as in fields like pharmacology and biochemistry.The analyte of interest, a biomolecule or a mixture of biomolecules, is mixed with a suitable matrix...

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
This technique helps gather information regarding the protein from which the peptide was obtained and to study the peptides’ amino acid sequence. Identifying peptides from a complex mixture is an important component of the growing field of...

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...

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Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization (IR-MALDESI)

Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization (IR-MALDESI)

Published on: March 24, 2016

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry.

Nobuhiro Zaima¹, Takahiro Hayasaka, Naoko Goto-Inoue

¹Department of Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan; E-Mails: thaya@hama-med.ac.jp (T.H.); naoko.goto.inoue@gmail.com (N.G.-I.); setou@hama-med.ac.jp (M.S.).

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|May 27, 2011

Summary

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) visualizes biomolecule distribution in tissues without sample prep. This powerful technique aids discovery in medicine, biology, and pathology.

Keywords:

biomarker imaging mass spectrometry lipids matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry protein

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Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

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Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization (IR-MALDESI)

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Published on: March 24, 2016

Dithranol as a Matrix for Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging on a Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer

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Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Published on: July 12, 2013

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Analytical Chemistry
Molecular Imaging

Background:

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) allows simultaneous detection and identification of biomolecules.
MALDI-MS is a versatile tool with applications across various scientific disciplines.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the methodology and applications of MALDI-imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) for biological samples.
To highlight the potential of MALDI-IMS in discovering novel biomarkers.

Main Methods:

MALDI-IMS is a 2D MALDI-MS technique.
It visualizes the spatial distribution of biomolecules directly from biological samples.
No prior extraction, purification, separation, or labeling is required.

Main Results:

MALDI-IMS has successfully mapped the distribution of diverse biomolecules (proteins, peptides, lipids, etc.) in various tissues.
The technique provides spatial insights into molecular composition without altering the sample.
Characteristic distribution patterns of biomolecules have been identified in different biological contexts.

Conclusions:

MALDI-IMS offers a powerful approach for analyzing biomolecule distribution in biological samples.
Its versatility makes it a valuable tool in medicine, agriculture, biology, pharmacology, and pathology.
MALDI-IMS holds significant promise for the discovery of new biomarkers.