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Related Concept Videos

Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
Anaphase Promoting Complex00:50

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The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...
Anaphase Promoting Complex00:50

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The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...
The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
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Strategies for Tracking Anastasis, A Cell Survival Phenomenon that Reverses Apoptosis
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Published on: February 16, 2015

System-level feedbacks make the anaphase switch irreversible.

Enuo He1, Orsolya Kapuy, Raquel A Oliveira

  • 1Oxford Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The mitotic checkpoint ensures accurate chromosome segregation by delaying cell division until all chromosomes align. A new mechanism explains how this cell cycle control responds to chromosome tension.

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Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Strategies for Tracking Anastasis, A Cell Survival Phenomenon that Reverses Apoptosis
12:55

Strategies for Tracking Anastasis, A Cell Survival Phenomenon that Reverses Apoptosis

Published on: February 16, 2015

Evaluation of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Integrity in Mouse Oocytes
10:09

Evaluation of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Integrity in Mouse Oocytes

Published on: September 13, 2022

Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations
07:14

Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations

Published on: September 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The mitotic checkpoint is crucial for preventing aneuploidy during cell division.
  • It ensures proper chromosome alignment on the metaphase plate before anaphase onset.
  • The checkpoint's sensitivity and response to chromosomal tension present intriguing puzzles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the mitotic checkpoint's regulation.
  • To explain the checkpoint's bistable response to chromosomal tension.
  • To address existing puzzles regarding checkpoint activation and inactivation.

Main Methods:

  • The study proposes a molecular mechanism involving positive feedback loops.
  • This mechanism explains the checkpoint's response to chromosomal tension.
  • The proposed model addresses the sensitivity and curious behaviors of the checkpoint.

Main Results:

  • A novel molecular mechanism involving two positive feedback loops is proposed.
  • This mechanism explains how the mitotic checkpoint achieves bistability in response to chromosomal tension.
  • The model accounts for the checkpoint's exquisite sensitivity and its differential response before and during anaphase.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed mechanism provides a unified explanation for the mitotic checkpoint's complex behaviors.
  • Understanding this mechanism is key to comprehending accurate genome segregation.
  • This work offers insights into cell cycle control and potential implications for diseases involving chromosomal instability.