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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes

Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes

Published on: August 20, 2007

Regulatory T cells: stability revisited.

Samantha L Bailey-Bucktrout¹, Jeffrey A Bluestone

¹Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, HSW 1102, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.

Trends in Immunology

|May 31, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Regulatory T (Treg) cells may lose stability and function in autoimmune conditions. This study explores Treg cell plasticity and its implications for autoimmune disease and therapy development.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Autoimmunity
Cell Biology

Background:

Breakdown in self-tolerance is linked to regulatory T (Treg) cell dysfunction.
A scientific debate exists regarding the stability of Treg cells in inflammatory environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the controversy surrounding Treg cell stability versus reprogramming.
To discuss factors contributing to Treg cell instability and its potential link to autoimmune diseases.
To consider the implications for Treg cell-based therapies.

Main Methods:

Review and synthesis of existing research on Treg cell stability and plasticity.
Analysis of differing experimental models and environmental conditions.
Discussion of molecular mechanisms, including forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) protein expression and interleukin-2 (IL-2) signaling.

Main Results:

Evidence suggests a fraction of Treg cells can lose FOXP3 and gain effector functions under inflammatory conditions.
Interleukin-2 insufficiency and inflammatory milieu are implicated in Treg cell reprogramming.
Divergent findings may stem from technical, biological, and environmental differences in study models.

Conclusions:

Treg cell instability is a plausible factor in autoimmune disease development.
Understanding Treg cell plasticity is crucial for advancing Treg cell-based therapeutic strategies.
Further research is needed to unify hypotheses and clarify Treg cell behavior in vivo.