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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Epilepsy ll: Types01:22

Epilepsy ll: Types

Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Seizures l: Introduction01:20

Seizures l: Introduction

Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein

Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...
Seizures ll: Types01:19

Seizures ll: Types

Seizures are sudden bursts of abnormal electrical discharge in the brain that interfere with normal function. They are commonly divided into three groups: focal seizures, generalized seizures, and other types that do not fit neatly into either category.Focal SeizuresFocal seizures begin in a single brain region. When awareness is preserved, they are called focal aware seizures and may cause sensations such as tingling, unusual smells, or flashing lights. When awareness is impaired, they are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Electromagnetic Source Imaging in Presurgical Evaluation of Children with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
09:57

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Published on: September 20, 2024

Everyday verbal memory and pediatric epilepsy.

Lynn Chapieski1, Karen Evankovich, Merrill Hiscock

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. mlchapie@texaschildrenshospital.org

Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B
|May 31, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Reports of everyday verbal memory in children with epilepsy are reliable and predict academic success. Standard memory tests did not correlate with academic performance, suggesting everyday memory reports are more clinically useful.

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Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy
10:22

Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy

Published on: December 6, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Epilepsy in children can impact cognitive functions, including memory.
  • Assessing the real-world impact of memory deficits is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the reliability and validity of self- and parent-reported everyday verbal memory in pediatric epilepsy patients.
  • To compare the predictive value of everyday memory reports versus standardized memory tests on academic performance.

Main Methods:

  • 132 pediatric epilepsy patients and their parents completed questionnaires on everyday verbal memory (learning/retrieval, prospective memory).
  • Patients underwent standardized tests of memory and attention.
  • Parent, teacher, and self-report data on attention, mood, and academic performance were collected.

Main Results:

  • Children's memory test scores correlated with reports of everyday learning/retrieval but not prospective memory.
  • Everyday memory reports were reliable and predicted academic performance.
  • Standard memory test performance did not correlate with academic performance reports.

Conclusions:

  • Self- and parent-reports of everyday verbal memory are reliable and clinically relevant in pediatric epilepsy.
  • Everyday memory assessments may offer greater insight into functional outcomes than traditional memory tests for this population.
  • These findings support the use of everyday memory reports in evaluating epilepsy and treatment effects.