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Related Concept Videos

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs01:15

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

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The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

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Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers

Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed by second messengers present in the cell cytoplasm. There are several second messenger pathways, each with its own way of relaying information. For example, the G protein-coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol pathway is active when the receptor induces...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

A Simple Pit Assay Protocol to Visualize and Quantify Osteoclastic Resorption In Vitro
07:03

A Simple Pit Assay Protocol to Visualize and Quantify Osteoclastic Resorption In Vitro

Published on: June 16, 2022

P2 receptor expression, signaling and function in osteoclasts.

Juan P Reyes1, Stephen M Sims, S Jeffrey Dixon

  • 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.

Frontiers in Bioscience (Scholar Edition)
|May 31, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Purinergic signaling via P2 receptors regulates bone remodeling by osteoclasts. This review details P2 receptor expression, signaling, and function in osteoclast formation, activity, and survival.

More Related Videos

Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow
06:17

Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow

Published on: November 6, 2014

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Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

A Simple Pit Assay Protocol to Visualize and Quantify Osteoclastic Resorption In Vitro
07:03

A Simple Pit Assay Protocol to Visualize and Quantify Osteoclastic Resorption In Vitro

Published on: June 16, 2022

Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow
06:17

Osteoclast Derivation from Mouse Bone Marrow

Published on: November 6, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Bone biology
  • Cell signaling
  • Purinergic signaling

Background:

  • Osteoclasts are crucial for bone resorption and remodeling.
  • Extracellular nucleotides like ATP and UTP are released by bone cells.
  • These nucleotides act on P2 receptors, influencing bone cell function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of P2 receptors in osteoclast biology.
  • To explore P2 receptor expression, signaling pathways, and functional outcomes in osteoclasts.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on P2 receptors in osteoclasts.
  • Analysis of research on purinergic signaling in bone remodeling.

Main Results:

  • P2 receptors are expressed on osteoclasts and their precursors.
  • Purinergic signaling influences osteoclast differentiation, activity, and survival.
  • Specific P2 receptor subtypes mediate distinct cellular responses.

Conclusions:

  • P2 receptors are key regulators of osteoclast function.
  • Targeting P2 receptors may offer therapeutic strategies for bone diseases.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate purinergic signaling in bone homeostasis.