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Possible involvement of the (pro)renin receptor-dependent system in the development of insulin resistance

Kazi Rafiq1, Hirofumi Hitomi, Daisuke Nakano

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita, Kagawa, Japan.

Frontiers in Bioscience (Scholar Edition)
|May 31, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Activation of the (pro)renin receptor system contributes to insulin resistance. Inhibiting this pathway shows promise for treating insulin resistance, particularly in conditions like type 2 diabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Syndrome
  • Renal Physiology

Background:

  • The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is known to impair insulin sensitivity.
  • The (pro)renin receptor-dependent system has demonstrated therapeutic potential in animal models for diabetic complications.
  • Previous studies linked fructose-induced insulin resistance in rats to nonproteolytic prorenin activation and angiotensin II production in skeletal muscle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the (pro)renin receptor-dependent system in insulin resistance pathogenesis.
  • To elucidate the contribution of nonproteolytic prorenin activation to insulin resistance development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on the (pro)renin receptor-dependent system and insulin resistance.
  • Analysis of preliminary data on local angiotensin II generation in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue.

Main Results:

  • Nonproteolytic activation of prorenin leads to angiotensin II production in skeletal muscle and adipose tissues.
  • This local angiotensin II generation is implicated in the development of spontaneous insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats.
  • Inhibition of the (pro)renin receptor-dependent system ameliorated fructose-induced insulin resistance in prior studies.

Conclusions:

  • The (pro)renin receptor-dependent system is a potential contributor to insulin resistance.
  • Nonproteolytic activation of prorenin and subsequent local angiotensin II generation are key mechanisms involved in insulin resistance.
  • Targeting this system may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

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