Skeletal muscle metabolism in the leg during exercise in patients with congestive heart failure

1. Using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance, it has previously been demonstrated that patients with congestive heart failure exhibit a greater than normal phosphocreatine (PCr) depletion in the working skeletal muscles of the arm. We have studied the importance of the work necessary to reach a similar PCr depletion ([PCr]/([PCr] + [Pi]) = 0.5) in calf muscle. Our results show significantly lower values for patients with congestive heart failure in both aerobic and ischaemic conditions (respectively: 0.009 +/- 0.007 vs 0.026 +/- 0.013 W/kg body weight, P less than 0.01; 0.29 +/- 0.16 vs 0.90 +/- 0.25 J/kg body weight, P less than 0.01). 2. This original model of skeletal muscle exercise facilitates a comparison of PCr recovery rate due to a similarity in the PCr depletion and intracellular pH in the two series at the start of recovery. However, the PCr recovery rate is similar after both normoxic and ischaemic exercise, i.e. respective percentages of PCr increase in the first 25 s recovery spectrum were: (a) aerobic exercise, congestive heart failure 133 +/- 18%, control series 138 +/- 18%; (b) ischaemic exercise, congestive heart failure 114 +/- 13%, control series 118 +/- 12%. The absence of a difference in PCr recovery rate and the greater PCr depletion by ischaemic work in patients with congestive heart failure suggest modifications that cannot be explained by a reduced blood flow to the muscle. 3. When comparing the two series, intracellular pH evolved similarly in normoxia and ischaemia during both work and recovery. Thus, no increase in anaerobic glycolytic activity appears when equivalent PCr depletion has occurred.