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Related Concept Videos

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...
Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Infection01:20

Infection

When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Reservoir of Infection01:30

Reservoir of Infection

Infectious diseases arise from intricate interactions between pathogens and their reservoirs. A reservoir of infection refers to the natural habitat where a pathogen lives, grows, and multiplies, serving as a continual source of infection. Reservoirs are broadly classified as either living or nonliving, and each plays a unique role in disease transmission, significantly influencing public health interventions and control strategies.Humans act as reservoirs for a wide array of pathogens,...

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Infectious disease in athletes.

Mark D Harris1

  • 1Office of the Army Surgeon General, Falls Church, Virginia, USA. mark.harris2@us.army.mil

Current Sports Medicine Reports
|May 31, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Infectious diseases pose risks for athletes, affecting immunity and leading to various infections. Prevention and management are crucial for athletes to safely return to play.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Exercise Immunology

Background:

  • Orthopedic injuries are common in athletes, but infectious diseases also cause significant illness.
  • Exercise at moderate intensity can boost immunity, while extreme exercise can suppress it.
  • Athletes are susceptible to various infections, including respiratory, skin, blood-borne, sexually transmitted, and cardiac.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the impact of infectious diseases on athletes.
  • To discuss the relationship between exercise intensity and immune function in athletes.
  • To outline the types of infections prevalent in athletes and address concerns regarding outbreaks.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of infectious diseases in athletic populations.

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  • Analysis of the effects of exercise intensity on the immune system.
  • Examination of treatment strategies and return-to-play protocols for infected athletes.

    • Main Results:

    • Infectious diseases are a significant cause of morbidity in athletes.
    • Immune function is modulated by exercise duration and intensity.
    • Respiratory infections are most common, but other types of infections also occur.
    • Infectious disease outbreaks are a concern in athletic settings.

    Conclusions:

    • Treatment for infections in athletes is similar to the general population.
    • Preventing infections and managing return-to-play are critical considerations for athletes.