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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistent Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
08:34

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

Proton therapy: clinical gains through current and future treatment programs.

Radhe Mohan, Thomas Bortfeld

    Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology
    |June 1, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    Proton therapy offers significant dosimetric advantages for cancer treatment, reducing normal tissue dose and improving patient quality of life. Ongoing research focuses on managing uncertainties and enhancing delivery techniques for wider availability.

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    Published on: June 7, 2015

    Area of Science:

    • Medical Physics
    • Radiation Oncology
    • Radiotherapy Technology

    Background:

    • Proton beams possess unique depth-dose characteristics, enabling reduced normal tissue radiation exposure.
    • This dosimetric advantage may allow for escalated tumor doses, potentially improving treatment outcomes and reducing side effects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the advantages and challenges of proton therapy in clinical practice.
    • To discuss ongoing research in uncertainty management, imaging, and delivery techniques for proton therapy.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of proton and photon treatment planning processes.
    • Discussion of factors influencing proton therapy planning, including anatomical uncertainties.
    • Exploration of advancements in imaging, adaptive radiotherapy, and dose computation.

    Main Results:

    • Proton therapy allows for significant normal tissue dose reduction and potential tumor dose escalation.
    • Challenges include managing inter- and intrafractional uncertainties, requiring careful margin design and plan evaluation.
    • Intensity modulation techniques enhance dose shaping, plan robustness, and clinical efficiency.

    Conclusions:

    • Proton therapy presents a significant dosimetric advantage with the potential to improve cancer treatment efficacy and patient quality of life.
    • Continued research in uncertainty reduction, advanced imaging (like PET), and technological improvements (e.g., compact machines) is crucial for broader clinical adoption and cost-effectiveness.