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Apoptosis and survivability of human dental pulp cells under exposure to Bis-GMA
Junya Yano1, Chiaki Kitamura, Tatsuji Nishihara
1Division of Pulp Biology, Operative Dentistry, and Endodontics, Department of Cariology and Periodontology, Kyushu Dental College, Japan.
Objective:
In the present study, we examined whether 2, 2-bis [4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy) phenyl] propane (Bis-GMA) has effects on LSC2 cells, human dental pulp cell line.
Material And Methods:
The viability, cell cycle, and morphology of LSC2 cells were analyzed after exposure to several different concentrations of Bis-GMA. The recovery of viability of Bis-GMA exposed cells was also analyzed in the condition without Bis-GMA. Further, penetration of Bis-GMA to dentin disc was examined using isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography.
Results:
There was a concentration-dependent decrease in cell proliferation and an increase in cell number in the sub-G1 population after exposure to Bis-GMA. Furthermore, the cells showed typical characteristics of apoptotic cells after the exposure to high concentration of Bis-GMA. In contrast, cells exposed to lower concentrations of Bis-GMA recovered their viability after being cultured without Bis-GMA. We also found that Bis-GMA is capable of penetrating 1-mm-thick dentin discs, though the penetrated concentration was lower than that showing cytotoxicity.
Conclusion:
These results suggest that Bis-GMA has cytotoxic effects, though dental pulp exposed to lower concentrations is able to recover their viability when Bis-GMA is removed.
