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[Diagnosis and classification of mitral valve prolapse in children and adolescents]

Iu M Belozerov, I M Osmanov, Sh M Magomedova

    Kardiologiia
    |June 2, 2011
    PubMed

    Insights

    Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is often overdiagnosed in children. Familial MVP in adolescents lacks myxomatous changes, with two distinct forms identified as normal physiological states.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Pediatric Medicine
    • Genetics

    Context:

    • Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) diagnosis in pediatric populations presents challenges.
    • Overdiagnosis can stem from misinterpretation of diagnostic data.
    • Familial inheritance patterns are common in pediatric MVP.

    Purpose:

    • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) in children and adolescents.
    • To identify reasons for overdiagnosis of MVP in this age group.
    • To differentiate pediatric MVP from adult forms and establish age-specific classifications.

    Summary:

    • Out of 1734 children and adolescents diagnosed with MVP, only 32.3% met Framingham criteria.
    • Incorrect interpretation of auscultation and echocardiography led to overdiagnosis.
    • MVP in this cohort was frequently familial, with recessive or dominant inheritance.
    • Unlike adult MVP, pediatric cases typically lacked myxomatous valve transformation.
    • Two distinct forms, asthenic constitution-related MVP and physiological MVP, were identified as normal variants in juveniles.

    Impact:

    • Highlights the need for refined diagnostic criteria for pediatric MVP.
    • Establishes that certain forms of MVP are normal physiological states in children and adolescents.
    • Provides a basis for distinguishing benign pediatric MVP from more serious adult forms.

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