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Anti-complementary ginsenosides isolated from processed ginseng
Jin Gyun Lee1, Seung Hoon Baek, Yong Yook Lee
1College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
|June 2, 2011
Summary
Ginsenosides from processed ginseng inhibit complement activation. Ginsenoside Rk₃ and Rh₄ show potent anti-complementary effects, suggesting potential for treating inflammatory diseases.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Immunology
- Natural Products Chemistry
Background:
- Ginsenosides are bioactive compounds found in ginseng.
- The complement system plays a crucial role in innate immunity and inflammation.
- Identifying novel immunomodulatory agents is essential for developing new therapeutics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the anti-complementary activity of ginsenosides isolated from processed ginseng.
- To identify specific ginsenosides with significant inhibitory effects on complement activation.
- To explore the structural basis for the observed anti-complementary activity.
Main Methods:
- Activity-guided fractionation was employed to isolate ginsenosides from processed ginseng.
- In vitro assays were performed to assess the inhibitory activity of isolated ginsenosides on complement activation via classical pathways.
- Rosmarinic acid was used as a positive control for comparison.
Main Results:
- Four ginsenosides (Rg₆, F₄, Rk₃, and Rh₄) were isolated and characterized.
- Ginsenoside Rk₃ and Rh₄ demonstrated significantly higher inhibitory activity against complement activation compared to rosmarinic acid.
- Ginsenoside Rg₆ and F₄ exhibited mild inhibitory effects, comparable to the positive control.
Conclusions:
- Ginsenosides Rk₃ and Rh₄ possess potent anti-complementary activity.
- The glycosyl moiety at the C₆ position may enhance the anti-complementary activity of ginsenosides.
- Ginsenoside Rk₃ and Rh₄ show promise as therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases.