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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...
Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...

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Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence
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Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence

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MicroRNAs Regulate Key Effector Pathways of Senescence.

Andrea Feliciano1, Beatriz Sánchez-Sendra, Hiroshi Kondoh

  • 1Oncology and Molecular Pathology Group, Pathology Department, Fundacil Institut de Recerca Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.

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MicroRNAs regulate gene expression and are linked to cancer development. Inducing cellular senescence with microRNA-based therapies offers a potential cancer treatment strategy by halting tumor growth.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • Aberrant miRNA expression is implicated in the development and progression of various cancers.
  • Cellular senescence acts as a tumor-suppressive mechanism, preventing uncontrolled cell proliferation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of miRNAs in cellular senescence and cancer.
  • To investigate the potential of miRNA-based therapies for cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on miRNA function, senescence, and cancer biology.
  • Analysis of miRNA expression patterns in relation to senescence and tumorigenesis.

Main Results:

  • Specific miRNAs are involved in regulating cellular senescence.
  • Senescence induction can serve as a barrier against cancer progression.
  • miRNA-based strategies show promise for therapeutic cancer treatment.

Conclusions:

  • miRNAs play a critical role in the interplay between cellular senescence and cancer.
  • Targeting miRNAs to induce senescence presents a viable therapeutic avenue for cancer treatment, aiming for persistent tumor growth arrest.