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Related Experiment Videos

Normal physiological values for conscious pigs used in biomedical research.

J P Hannon1, C A Bossone, C E Wade

  • 1Division of Military Trauma Research, Letterman Army Institute of Research, Presidio of San Francisco, CA 94129.

Laboratory Animal Science
|May 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

This study provides essential reference values for over 100 physiological variables in domestic pigs, establishing them as a valuable large animal model for biomedical research. These findings highlight key similarities and differences compared to human physiology.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Comparative Medicine
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • The domestic pig is increasingly used as a large animal model in biomedical research.
  • A lack of comprehensive reference values for physiological variables hinders the effective utilization of pigs.
  • Standardized data are crucial for accurate interpretation of research findings in porcine models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a comprehensive set of normal physiological reference values for the domestic pig.
  • To facilitate the use of pigs as a reliable large animal model in biomedical research.
  • To compare porcine physiological data with human values.

Main Methods:

  • Collected data on over 100 physiological and related variables from conscious, chronically instrumented pigs under near-basal conditions.

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  • Measurements included body composition, fluid volumes, blood characteristics, blood gases, acid-base status, hormone levels, energy metabolism, renal function, hemodynamics, and pulmonary function.
  • Data were analyzed to establish normal ranges and compare them to human physiological data.

    • Main Results:

    • Established normal reference values for more than 100 physiological variables in domestic pigs.
    • Found many porcine values to be similar to those in humans under comparable conditions.
    • Identified key differences, such as higher extracellular space, plasma volume, cardiac output, and arterial pressure in pigs, and lower red cell volume and hemoglobin levels, with immaturity contributing to some deviations.

    Conclusions:

    • Domestic pigs exhibit physiological characteristics that make them an excellent large animal model for diverse functional studies.
    • The established reference values are critical for advancing research utilizing porcine models.
    • Understanding species-specific physiological differences is essential for accurate translation of research findings.