Dermatological side effects of current and upcoming targeted therapies in oncology

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Dermatology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Targeted therapies are increasingly used in cancer treatment.
• These therapies selectively target cancer cells, aiming to minimize damage to healthy tissues.
• Dermatologic side effects are a frequent occurrence with many targeted agents.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the dermatologic side effect profiles of various targeted cancer therapies.
• To discuss the pathogenic mechanisms underlying these skin toxicities.
• To outline potential treatment and management strategies for skin toxicities.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of targeted therapies used in oncology.
• Analysis of reported dermatologic side effects associated with specific drug classes.
• Compilation of information on pathogenic mechanisms and treatment options.

Main Results:

• EGFR inhibitors, MEK/Raf inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, VEGF inhibitors, multikinase inhibitors, trastuzumab, and CTLA-4 antibodies have distinct skin toxicity profiles.
• Common side effects include rash, photosensitivity, and nail changes.
• Pathogenic mechanisms and management strategies are discussed for each class.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the specific skin toxicity profiles of targeted therapies is crucial for patient management.
• Early recognition and appropriate management of dermatologic side effects can improve treatment adherence and patient outcomes.
• Further research into the mechanisms and treatments of these toxicities is warranted.