Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 1, 2026
Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing
Published on: December 1, 2023
Laryngovideostroboscopy in children--diagnostic possibilities and constraints
Hanna Mackiewicz-Nartowicz1, Anna Sinkiewicz, Arleta Bielecka
1Department of Phoniatry and Voice Rehabilitation, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Insights
Laryngovideostroboscopy (LVS) is effective for diagnosing pediatric dysphonia, with sedation aiding younger children. Explaining the procedure to parents and attempting LVS on a second visit improves success rates.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Otolaryngology
- Diagnostic Imaging
- Speech Pathology
Background:
- Dysphonia is common in children.
- Laryngovideostroboscopy (LVS) is a key diagnostic tool.
- Pediatric LVS presents unique challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the experience and efficacy of LVS in pediatric patients with dysphonia.
- To identify factors influencing successful LVS examinations in children.
- To assess the utility of oral sedation in pediatric LVS.
Main Methods:
- 150 children (2.5-14 years) with dysphonia underwent LVS.
- Patients were grouped by age (2.5-6, 6-10, 10-14 years).
- Oral dormicum (3.5mg) was administered to younger children prior to LVS on the second visit.
Main Results:
- Successful LVS was achieved in most children, often on a second attempt.
- Vocal fold nodules were the most common finding (85 patients).
- Other organic changes included laryngeal web, vocal fold cysts, and paralysis; 60 had hyper-functional dysphonia.
Conclusions:
- Successful pediatric LVS requires parental education and a second-visit approach.
- Oral sedation with dormicum is beneficial, especially for younger children, avoiding local anesthetics.
- LVS is a valuable tool for diagnosing pediatric dysphonia and vocal fold abnormalities.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to report our experience with laryngovideostroboscopy (LVS) in consecutively examined children patients.
Methods:
The study included 150 children (2.5-14 years of age) diagnosed with dysphonia. Patients were divided into three age groups: group I - from 2.5 to 6 years of age (n = 31), group II - from 6 to 10 years of age (n = 73), and group III--from 10 to 14 years of age (n = 46). LVS was performed during the second visit. 3.5mg of dormicum were administered orally 30 min prior to LVS in all children from group I and in some patients belonging to group II. Local anesthesia of the pharyngeal mucosa was not needed in any case.
Results:
In nine out of 150 children, it was not possible to perform LVS during the first attempt. In eight of these children, the examination was performed successfully during another visit with satisfactory LVS images obtained. LVS revealed soft vocal fold nodules in 85 patients along with other organic changes found in five children: congenital laryngeal web (n = 1), vocal fold cysts (n = 3), and vocal fold paralysis (n = 1). Hyper-functional dysphonia was diagnosed in the remaining 60 subjects.
Conclusions:
In order to perform successful LVS in children patient, the purpose and methodology of this examination should be explained to parents on the first visit whereas an attempt to perform LVS should be undertaken during the second visit. Oral administration of dormicum 30min prior to the examination is advisable, particularly in younger children, and allows us to avoid the use of local anesthetics.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due to...
01:26Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
01:30Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation V: Advanced Airway Management Techniques
01:30Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
01:26Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...
01:29Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to: