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Silybin and the liver: from basic research to clinical practice.

Carmela Loguercio¹, Davide Festi

¹Gastroenterology School-Interuniversity Research Centre on Foods, Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Tract (CIRANAD), 2nd University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy. carmelina.loguercio@unina2.it

World Journal of Gastroenterology

|June 3, 2011

Summary

Silybin, derived from milk thistle, shows promise for chronic liver disease. While clinical evidence is still developing, experimental studies confirm its antifibrotic, antioxidant, and metabolic benefits, with good bioavailability and safety.

Keywords:

Hepatic fibrosis Hepatic inflammation Liver disease Milk thistle Radical species Silymarin

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Area of Science:

Hepatology
Pharmacology
Natural Products

Background:

Herbal products, including milk thistle extracts like silymarin and silybin, are frequently used for chronic liver disease.
The clinical efficacy of these natural compounds remains under investigation, necessitating further research.

Purpose of the Study:

To review existing literature on the effects of purified silybin (free and conjugated) on liver cells, experimental liver damage, and patients with liver disease.
To evaluate the antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic properties of silybin.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive literature search of PUBMED was conducted for in vitro and in vivo studies on silybin.
The review incorporated experimental data and clinical trial information, alongside expert knowledge.

Main Results:

Silybin phytosome exhibits higher bioavailability than silymarin, with reduced impact from liver damage.
Experimental studies confirm silybin's antifibrotic, antioxidant, and metabolic effects.
Silybin demonstrates a favorable safety profile with no significant drug interactions at doses below 10 g/d.

Conclusions:

While previous human studies were limited, current clinical trials for silybin in chronic liver disease are promising.
Silybin presents as a potentially valuable therapeutic agent for managing chronic liver conditions based on current evidence.