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Related Concept Videos

Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects

Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice
09:07

Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice

Published on: May 27, 2015

Mast cells modulate the inflammatory process in endotoxin-induced uveitis.

Pierre Sebastião da Silva1, Ana Paula Girol, Sonia M Oliani

  • 1From the Post-Graduation in Morphology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Molecular Vision
|June 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Mast cells and annexin-A1 (Anxa1) play key roles in endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). Anxa1 exhibits anti-migratory effects on leukocytes, suggesting its therapeutic potential for uveitis.

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Isolation of Peritoneum-derived Mast Cells and Their Functional Characterization with Ca2+-imaging and Degranulation Assays
11:31

Isolation of Peritoneum-derived Mast Cells and Their Functional Characterization with Ca2+-imaging and Degranulation Assays

Published on: July 4, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) is an inflammatory eye condition.
  • Mast cells and annexin-A1 (Anxa1) are implicated in inflammatory processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the roles of mast cells and Anxa1 in EIU.
  • To explore Anxa1's potential as a therapeutic agent for uveitis.

Main Methods:

  • EIU was induced in rats using lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
  • Mast cell degranulation was assessed using compound 48/80 (c48/80).
  • Histological studies and analysis of aqueous humor (AqH) were performed to evaluate cell infiltration and Anxa1 levels.

Main Results:

  • EIU induced mast cell degranulation, increased leukocyte infiltration, and elevated Anxa1 expression in neutrophils.
  • Anxa1 expression shifted from neutrophils to mononuclear phagocytic cells as inflammation resolved.
  • Mast cell depletion reduced neutrophil transmigration in EIU.

Conclusions:

  • Mast cells are a significant source of mediators in EIU pathogenesis.
  • Anxa1 acts as a homeostatic regulator of inflammation with anti-migratory effects on leukocytes.
  • Anxa1 warrants further investigation as a novel therapeutic strategy for uveitis.