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Related Concept Videos

Dosage Regimen: Individualization01:24

Dosage Regimen: Individualization

Individualization in dosing regimens is the customization of medication doses for individual patients. Its necessity arises from the goal of maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks. This approach is pivotal because human responses to drugs can vary widely; what is effective for one person may be inadequate or excessive for another. Interpatient (intersubject) variability refers to differences in drug responses between individuals, while intrapatient (intrasubject) variability...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein

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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors01:29

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors

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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Closed-Loop Neurostimulation for Biomarker-Driven, Personalized Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder
05:19

Closed-Loop Neurostimulation for Biomarker-Driven, Personalized Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder

Published on: July 7, 2023

Personalizing carbamazepine therapy.

Taisei Mushiroda1, Yusuke Nakamura

  • 1Research Group for Pharmacogenomics, RIKEN Center for Genomic Medicine, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan. yusuke@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp.

Genome Medicine
|June 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic screening for HLA-B*1502 and HLA-A*3101 alleles can help prevent severe carbamazepine-induced skin reactions. This personalized approach improves patient safety by identifying individuals at higher risk for adverse drug reactions.

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Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Closed-Loop Neurostimulation for Biomarker-Driven, Personalized Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder
05:19

Closed-Loop Neurostimulation for Biomarker-Driven, Personalized Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder

Published on: July 7, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacogenomics
  • Clinical Toxicology
  • Immunogenetics

Background:

  • Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant medication with a significant risk of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs).
  • Previous research has highlighted the role of specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles in carbamazepine hypersensitivity.
  • Identifying genetic predispositions is crucial for mitigating severe drug responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of HLA-B*1502 screening in reducing carbamazepine-induced adverse drug reactions in a Taiwanese population.
  • To identify genetic risk factors, specifically HLA alleles, associated with the spectrum of carbamazepine-induced cADRs in a European cohort.
  • To inform personalized treatment strategies for carbamazepine therapy.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective clinical trial was conducted in Taiwan to assess the impact of HLA-B*1502 screening.
  • A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed on a European population to identify genetic associations with carbamazepine cADRs.
  • Analysis focused on specific HLA alleles, including HLA-B*1502 and HLA-A*3101.

Main Results:

  • HLA-B*1502 screening was shown to reduce the incidence of life-threatening carbamazepine-induced adverse reactions in Taiwan.
  • The HLA-A*3101 allele was identified as a genetic risk factor for a broader range of carbamazepine-induced cADRs in Europeans.
  • These findings underscore the population-specific genetic influences on drug hypersensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Pre-treatment genetic screening for specific HLA alleles (HLA-B*1502 and HLA-A*3101) can significantly improve the safety of carbamazepine therapy.
  • Personalized medicine approaches based on pharmacogenetic data are essential for managing carbamazepine treatment.
  • These genetic markers aid in predicting and preventing severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions to carbamazepine.