Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 1, 2026
11:54
Microsatellite DNA Genotyping and Flow Cytometry Ploidy Analyses of Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Hydatidiform Molar Tissues
Published on: October 20, 2019
Human chorionic gonadotropin in pregnancy diagnostics
Martina Montagnana1, Tommaso Trenti, Rosalia Aloe
1Sezione di Biochimica Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e della Riproduzione, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy.
Summary
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) measurement is crucial for pregnancy diagnosis. This study compares serum and urine tests, discussing analytical and clinical aspects to guide optimal diagnostic choices.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Reproductive Endocrinology
- Clinical Chemistry
Background:
- Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone essential for pregnancy.
- hCG exists in various isoforms (intact, nicked, free subunits, β-core fragment) in biological fluids.
- Accurate hCG measurement is vital for diagnosing pregnancy and related disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the analytical and clinical aspects of hCG measurement in serum versus urine for pregnancy diagnosis.
- To highlight the advantages and limitations of each sample type for hCG detection.
Main Methods:
- Review of analytical methodologies for hCG quantification in serum and urine.
- Discussion of clinical utility and interpretation of hCG levels in different matrices.
- Comparative analysis of diagnostic accuracy and efficiency.
Main Results:
- Both serum and urine hCG measurements are valuable for pregnancy diagnosis.
- Urine tests offer rapid, qualitative options, while serum tests provide precise quantitative data.
- Structural heterogeneity of hCG isoforms can influence assay performance.
Conclusions:
- The choice between serum and urine hCG testing depends on clinical context and desired information (qualitative vs. quantitative).
- Understanding hCG isoform behavior is key to accurate interpretation.
- Further research may refine optimal testing strategies.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Gonadal and Placental Hormones
The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair growth — and...
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair growth — and...
01:27Ovarian Cycle
The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle length...