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Related Concept Videos

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...
Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:22

Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously renew...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Three-Dimensional Culture of Murine Colonic Crypts to Study Intestinal Stem Cell Function Ex Vivo
07:46

Three-Dimensional Culture of Murine Colonic Crypts to Study Intestinal Stem Cell Function Ex Vivo

Published on: October 11, 2022

Absolute requirement for STAT3 function in small-intestine crypt stem cell survival.

J R Matthews1, O J Sansom, A R Clarke

  • 1Division of Pathophysiology and Repair, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.

Cell Death and Differentiation
|June 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is essential for maintaining small-intestine stem cell survival. Its inactivation leads to apoptosis and altered cell dynamics, highlighting STAT3's critical role in intestinal crypt homeostasis.

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Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

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Published on: November 21, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Molecular Oncology
  • Gastrointestinal Physiology

Background:

  • Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is implicated in cancer and stem cell maintenance.
  • STAT3's role in small-intestine crypt stem cells remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the necessity of STAT3 for the survival and function of murine small-intestine crypt stem cells.

Main Methods:

  • Conditional inactivation of the Stat3 gene (Stat3(fl)) in murine small-intestine crypt stem cells using Cre recombinase.
  • Analysis of apoptosis, cell survival markers (bromodeoxyuridine labeling), gene expression (c-Myc, p53, Bmi1), and caspase 3 activation.

Main Results:

  • STAT3 inactivation led to increased apoptosis and transient LacZ expression in experimental crypts.
  • Long-term bromodeoxyuridine labeling confirmed STAT3's requirement for +4 to +6 region stem cell survival.
  • STAT3 loss induced p53 expression and caspase 3 activation, while upregulating Bmi1.

Conclusions:

  • STAT3 activity is indispensable for the survival of small-intestine crypt stem cells at critical locations.
  • STAT3 plays a vital role in maintaining intestinal crypt homeostasis and stem cell function.