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Related Concept Videos

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
Dysrhythmias I: Introduction01:15

Dysrhythmias I: Introduction

Dysrhythmias refers to abnormalities in the heart's rhythm. They result from disruptions in the heart's electrical conduction system, which includes the sinoatrial(SA)node, atrioventricular(AV) node, the bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers.Definition and PathophysiologyDysrhythmias result from disorders of impulse formation, impulse conduction, or both. The heart contains specialized cells in the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, and the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers...
Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac muscle...

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Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
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Rhythm disorders in isolated left ventricular noncompaction.

Jan Steffel1, Firat Duru

  • 1Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Zurich, and Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland.

Annals of Medicine
|June 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with isolated left ventricular noncompaction (IVNC) face high risks of fatal ventricular arrhythmias. Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are recommended for high-risk IVNC patients to prevent sudden cardiac death.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Isolated left ventricular noncompaction (IVNC) is associated with significant risks of supraventricular and ventricular rhythm disorders.
  • Life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias are a primary cause of mortality in IVNC patients.
  • Limited data exist on risk stratification for ventricular arrhythmias in this rare condition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review electrocardiographic and electrophysiological findings in IVNC patients.
  • To discuss risk stratification strategies for ventricular arrhythmias.
  • To evaluate the role of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) in preventing sudden cardiac death in IVNC.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on IVNC, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death.
  • Analysis of electrocardiographic and electrophysiological data in IVNC.
  • Discussion of clinical criteria for high-risk stratification.

Main Results:

  • IVNC patients are prone to life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias.
  • Invasive electrophysiological studies may have limited value for risk stratification in many IVNC cases.
  • Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are effective in preventing sudden arrhythmic death in IVNC.

Conclusions:

  • ICDs should be considered for IVNC patients at high risk for ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
  • High-risk criteria include reduced ejection fraction, history of ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation, syncope, or family history.
  • This review provides a rationale for ICD implantation to mitigate sudden cardiac death risk in IVNC.