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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs01:02

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs

Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics01:23

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics

Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla.  Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by anesthetizing...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
05:56

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting

Published on: June 21, 2024

Homeopathic medicines for children.

M Erlewyn-Lajeunesse1

  • 1Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK. mich.lajeunesse@soton.ac.uk

Archives of Disease in Childhood
|June 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This article reviews homeopathic medicines, focusing on their safety, manufacture, and effectiveness for children. Understanding homeopathic therapy is crucial for safe and appropriate use within integrated medicine practices.

Area of Science:

  • Homeopathy
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Homeopathic medicines are widely available over-the-counter, particularly for pediatric use.
  • A comprehensive understanding of homeopathic principles is essential for healthcare providers and consumers.
  • The integration of complementary therapies into conventional healthcare systems is an evolving area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the homeopathic tradition and its therapeutic principles.
  • To evaluate the safety, manufacturing processes, and efficacy of homeopathic medicines.
  • To review the role of integrated medicine within the National Health Service (NHS) and identify research gaps.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of homeopathic tradition and medicine regulation.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
05:56

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting

Published on: June 21, 2024

  • Analysis of safety, manufacturing, and effectiveness data for homeopathic products.
  • Examination of integrated medicine models within the NHS framework.
  • Main Results:

    • Homeopathic medicines are commonly used without prescription, necessitating informed usage guidelines.
    • The article provides an overview of the regulatory landscape for homeopathic products.
    • Key areas for future research in homeopathy and integrated medicine are identified.

    Conclusions:

    • Ensuring appropriate and safe use of homeopathic medicines, especially for children, requires a clear understanding of the therapy.
    • Further research is needed to establish evidence-based guidelines for integrated medicine practices.
    • The review highlights the importance of evidence and regulation in the context of widely used complementary therapies.