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Ghrelin modulates physiologic and pathologic retinal angiogenesis through GHSR-1a.

Karine Zaniolo1, Przemyslaw Sapieha, Zhuo Shao

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|June 7, 2011
PubMed
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The ghrelin-GHSR-1a pathway impacts retinal vasculature differently during oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). It protects vessels in early stages but promotes abnormal growth later, suggesting therapeutic potential for proliferative retinopathies.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Proliferative retinopathies involve vascular degeneration and abnormal proliferation.
  • Metabolic changes are characteristic of these retinal diseases.
  • The role of ghrelin and its receptor (GHSR-1a) in retinopathy is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the function of the ghrelin-GHSR-1a pathway in proliferative retinopathy.
  • To investigate the dual role of ghrelin in retinal vascular changes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a rat model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR).
  • Administered ghrelin analogs and GHSR-1a antagonists.
  • Analyzed ghrelin levels and GHSR-1a expression in retinal tissues.
  • Confirmed angiogenic and vasoprotective effects in aortic explants.

Main Results:

  • Ghrelin is produced in the retina; GHSR-1a is expressed in endothelial cells.
  • Ghrelin levels fluctuate with OIR phases: decreasing during vaso-obliteration and increasing during proliferation.
  • [Dap3]-ghrelin reduced vessel loss in the hyperoxic phase but promoted pathological angiogenesis in the neovascular phase via GHSR-1a.

Conclusions:

  • The ghrelin-GHSR-1a pathway plays distinct roles in retinal vasculature during different OIR phases.
  • It aids vascular preservation in early OIR and promotes pathological angiogenesis in later stages.
  • This pathway presents therapeutic potential for proliferative retinopathies.