[Extrapyramidal dyskinesias and their neurosurgical treatment]

The clinico-pathophysiological analysis of the main forms of extrapyramidal dyskinesias is discussed. The authors distinguish 2 main forms of hyperkinesias and dystonias which are designated conditionally phasic and tonic. Stereotaxic interventions on deeply located brain structures (ventrolateral complex of thalamic nuclei, subthalamic region, putamen, dentate nuclei of cerebellum) are substantiated anatomicofunctionally. On the basis of the results of 569 stereotaxic operations the indications and contraindications for various types of operative interventions were elaborated. The result was good in 26.7% of patients, considerable improvement occurred in 32%, mild improvement in 32.6%, no changes occurred in the condition of 5.2% of patients.