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Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons
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Surface plasmon polariton absorption modulator.

A Melikyan1, N Lindenmann, S Walheim

  • 1Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.

Optics Express
|June 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary
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Researchers developed an ultra-compact surface plasmon polariton absorption modulator (SPPAM) for high-speed optical communication. This device, operating beyond 100 Gbit/s, utilizes electrically modulated free carrier density for efficient light control.

Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Nanotechnology
  • Optical Communications
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Existing optical modulators face limitations in size and speed.
  • Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) offer potential for nanoscale optical devices.
  • Efficient modulation in the 1.55 μm telecommunication window is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate an electrically controlled, ultra-compact SPP absorption modulator (SPPAM).
  • To achieve high-speed modulation capabilities exceeding 100 Gbit/s.
  • To explore device operation within the standard telecommunication wavelength of 1.55 μm.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a metal/insulator/metal-oxide/metal layered structure.
  • Utilizing asymmetric surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) for light confinement.

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  • Achieving modulation via electrical control of free carrier density in the metal-oxide layer.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated an ultra-compact SPPAM with dimensions in the micrometer range.
    • Confirmed operation beyond 100 Gbit/s, limited primarily by RC time constants.
    • Proof-of-principle experiments validated the device concept and functionality.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed SPPAM offers a promising solution for high-speed, compact optical modulation.
    • Electrical modulation of free carrier density in metal-oxide layers is an effective mechanism for SPP absorption control.
    • The device shows potential for integration into next-generation optical communication systems.