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Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
Published on: March 20, 2017
Experimental comparison of modulation formats in IM/DD links
Krzysztof Szczerba1, Johnny Karout, Petter Westbergh
1Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, 412-96 Gothenburg, Sweden. krzysztof.szczerba@chalmers.se
We experimentally compared optical modulation formats, including OOK, QPSK, and OOPSK. OOPSK demonstrated superior sensitivity in direct detection links, aligning with theory. Multimode fiber propagation showed similar penalties for all formats.
Area of Science:
- Optical communications
- Signal processing
Background:
- Direct detection optical links are crucial for high-speed data transmission.
- Evaluating advanced modulation formats is key to improving link performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To experimentally compare the sensitivity of Optical On-Off Keying (OOK), Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) on an electrical subcarrier, and a novel Optical Orthogonal Phase-Shift Keying (OOPSK) modulation format.
- To assess the impact of multimode fiber propagation on the sensitivity of these modulation formats.
Main Methods:
- Experimental setup for optical intensity modulated links with direct detection.
- Implementation and testing of OOK, QPSK, and OOPSK modulation formats.
- Analysis of sensitivity performance and propagation penalties in multimode fiber.
Main Results:
- OOPSK exhibited superior receiver sensitivity compared to OOK and QPSK, validating theoretical predictions.
- All tested modulation formats showed comparable sensitivity penalties when subjected to multimode fiber propagation, irrespective of fiber length.
Conclusions:
- OOPSK presents a promising modulation format for enhancing optical intensity modulated direct detection links.
- The robustness of OOK, QPSK, and OOPSK to multimode fiber propagation suggests their viability in diverse optical network environments.
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